Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs

Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs. These 100 Multiple Choice Questions with Answer and Explanation will help you score full marks in your class 10 Geography (Social Science) exam.

Understanding Resources (MCQs 1 to 25) – Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs 

Q1. Which of the following best defines a resource?

A. A naturally occurring substance

B. Anything that humans find valuable

C. A material that can be extracted for profit

D. Anything that can be used to satisfy human needs and wants

 [Answer: D. Anything that can be used to satisfy human needs and wants. ] 

Q2. Which of these is an example of a natural resource?

A. Coal

B. Factories

C. Roads

D. Computers

 [Answer: A. Coal ] 

Q3. Renewable resources are those that:

A. Are found in abundance

B. Cannot be exhausted

C. Can be replenished over time

D. Are only used for energy production

 [Answer: C. Can be replenished over time ] 

Q4. Which of the following is a non-renewable resource?

A. Solar energy

B. Wind energy

C. Petroleum

D. Forests

 [Answer: C. Petroleum ] 

Q5. The uneven distribution of resources across the globe can lead to:

A. Increased international cooperation

B. Economic disparities between countries

C. Reduced environmental impact

D. Greater self-sufficiency in all nations

 [Answer: B. Economic disparities between countries ] 

Q6. Sustainable development aims to:

A. Maximize resource use for current generations

B. Exploit all available resources quickly

C. Meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of the future

D. Focus only on environmental conservation

 [Answer: C. Meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of the future ] 

Q7. Human-made resources are also known as:

A. Natural resources

B. Capital resources

C. Renewable resources

D. Non-renewable resources

 [Answer: B. Capital resources ] 

Q8. Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting the distribution of natural resources?

A. Climate

B. Technology

C. Political boundaries

D. Human population density

 [Answer: D. Human population densit ] y

Q9. Which of the following is an example of a human resource?

A. Iron ore

B. Wind energy

C. A skilled engineer

D. A fertile land

 [Answer: C. A skilled engineer ] 

Q10. The concept of resource conservation emphasizes:

A. Using resources as quickly as possible

B. Protecting resources from human use

C. Using resources efficiently and avoiding wastage

D. Focusing only on renewable resources

 [Answer: C. Using resources efficiently and avoiding wastage ] 

Q11. Technology plays a crucial role in resource development by:

A. Making extraction and utilization of resources more efficient

B. Reducing the availability of resources

C. Increasing the environmental impact of resource use

D. Limiting the types of resources that can be used

 [Answer: A. Making extraction and utilization of resources more efficient ] 

Q12. Which of the following is a potential consequence of overusing non-renewable resources?

A. Increased biodiversity

B. Resource depletion and scarcity

C. Improved air quality

D. Lower energy costs

 [Answer: B. Resource depletion and scarcit ] y

Q13. The term “stock” of a resource refers to:

A. The amount of the resource that is currently being used

B. The total amount of the resource that exists

C. The amount of the resource that can be replenished

D. The value of the resource in the market

 [Answer: B. The total amount of the resource that exists ] 

Q14. Which of the following is NOT a method of resource conservation?

A. Recycling

B. Reuse

C. Reducing consumption

D. Increased extraction

 [Answer: D. Increased extraction ] 

Q15. The value of a resource can be determined by its:

A. Utility

B. Scarcity

C. Both utility and scarcity

D. Neither utility nor scarcity

 [Answer: C. Both utility and scarcit ] y

Q16.  What is the difference between potential and actual resources?

A. Potential resources are those that have been fully surveyed and quantified, while actual resources are those that are yet to be discovered.

B. Potential resources are those that exist in a region but have not been utilized, while actual resources are those that are being used.

C. Potential resources are renewable, while actual resources are non-renewable.

D. There is no difference between potential and actual resources.

 [Answer: B. Potential resources are those that exist in a region but have not been utilized, while actual resources are those that are being used. ] 

Q17. Which of the following is an example of an abiotic resource?

A. Fish

B. Forests

C. Minerals

D. Livestock

 [Answer: C. Minerals ] 

Q18. Biotic resources are derived from:

A. The Earth’s crust

B. The atmosphere

C. Living organisms

D. The hydrosphere

 [Answer: C. Living organisms ] 

Q19.  Resources owned by an individual or a company are called:

A. Community-owned resources

B. National resources

C. International resources

D. Private resources

 [Answer: D. Private resources ] 

Q20. National resources are:

A. Owned by individuals

B. Owned by communities

C. Owned by the government

D. Owned by international organizations

 [Answer: C. Owned by the government ] 

Q21. The process of resource planning involves:

A. Identifying and quantifying resources

B. Determining the most efficient way to use resources

C. Implementing strategies for sustainable resource use

D. All of the above

 [Answer: D. All of the above ] 

Q22. Which of the following is a major challenge in resource development?

A. Balancing economic growth with environmental protection

B. Lack of available resources

C. Lack of technology

D. Lack of international cooperation

 [Answer: A. Balancing economic growth with environmental protection ] 

Q23. The concept of “resource scarcity” means:

A. Resources are unlimited

B. Resources are available in abundance

C. Resources are limited and may not be enough to meet all demands

D. Resources are evenly distributed across the globe

 [Answer: C. Resources are limited and may not be enough to meet all demands ] 

Q24. Which of the following is NOT a principle of sustainable development?

A. Conservation of resources

B. Intergenerational equity

C. Maximizing resource extraction for profit

D. Participation and involvement of local communities

 [Answer: C. Maximizing resource extraction for profit ] 

Q25. The study of how resources are distributed and used is called:

A. Resource geography

B. Resource economics

C. Resource sociology

D. Resource anthropology

 [Answer: A. Resource geograph ] y

 Land Resources (MCQs 26 to 50) – Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs

Q26. Which of the following is the most significant factor affecting land use patterns?

A. Topography

B. Climate

C. Population density

D. All of the above

 [Answer: D. All of the above ] 

Q27. The largest portion of land in India is used for:

A. Forests

B. Agriculture

C. Pastures

D. Settlements

 [Answer: B. Agriculture ] 

Q28.  Which of the following is NOT a cause of land degradation?

A. Deforestation

B. Overgrazing

C. Industrial pollution

D. Afforestation

 [Answer: D. Afforestation ] 

Q29.  Soil erosion refers to:

A. The formation of soil

B. The enrichment of soil with nutrients

C. The removal of topsoil by natural or human-induced factors

D. The accumulation of water in the soil

 [Answer: C. The removal of topsoil by natural or human-induced factors ] 

Q30. Which of the following soil conservation methods involves planting trees on barren lands?

A. Terrace farming

B. Contour ploughing

C. Shelterbelts

D. Afforestation

 [Answer: D. Afforestation ] 

Q31. Black soil is also known as:

A. Regur soil

B. Alluvial soil

C. Laterite soil

D. Arid soil

 [Answer: A. Regur soil ] 

Q32. Which type of soil is most suitable for growing cotton?

A. Alluvial soil

B. Black soil

C. Red soil

D. Laterite soil

 [Answer: B. Black soil ] 

Q33. The process of breaking down rocks into smaller particles is called:

A. Soil erosion

B. Weathering

C. Leaching

D. Humification

 [Answer: B. Weathering ] 

Q34. Which soil type is rich in iron oxide and is found in regions with high rainfall?

A. Alluvial soil

B. Black soil

C. Laterite soil

D. Arid soil

 [Answer: C. Laterite soil ] 

Q35. Which of the following is NOT a type of soil conservation method?

A. Crop rotation

B. Mulching

C. Overgrazing

D. Terrace farming

 [Answer: C. Overgrazing ] 

Absolutely! Let’s continue with the MCQs on Land Resources:

Q36. Which type of soil is formed by the deposition of rivers?

A. Black soil

B. Red soil

C. Alluvial soil

D. Laterite soil

 [Answer: C. Alluvial soil ] 

Q37. Which soil type is known for its high water retention capacity?

A. Arid soil

B. Black soil

C. Laterite soil

D. Red soil

 [Answer: B. Black soil ] 

Q38. The process of rainwater carrying away nutrients from the topsoil is called:

A. Soil erosion

B. Weathering

C. Leaching

D. Calcification

 [Answer: C. Leaching ] 

Q39. Which of the following soil types is most commonly found in the Thar Desert?

A. Arid soil

B. Alluvial soil

C. Laterite soil

D. Forest soil

 [Answer: A. Arid soil ] 

Q40. Which state in India has the largest area under black soil?

A. Maharashtra

B. Gujarat

C. Madhya Pradesh

D. Rajasthan

 [Answer: A. Maharashtra ] 

Q41. Contour bunding is a soil conservation method that involves:

A. Building small dams across slopes

B. Planting trees along the contours of a slope

C. Constructing small embankments along the contours of a slope

D. Creating terraces on steep slopes

 [Answer: C. Constructing small embankments along the contours of a slope ] 

Q42. Gully control is a soil conservation technique used to:

A. Prevent the formation of gullies

B. Stabilize and reclaim existing gullies

C. Divert water away from gullies

D. All of the above

 [Answer: D. All of the above ] 

Q43. Soil fertility refers to:

A. The ability of soil to support plant growth

B. The color of the soil

C. The texture of the soil

D. The amount of water in the soil

 [Answer: A. The ability of soil to support plant growth ] 

Q44. Which of the following human activities has the most significant negative impact on soil fertility?

A. Afforestation

B. Crop rotation

C. Deforestation

D. Mulching

 [Answer: C. Deforestation ] 

Q45. Which of the following is an indicator of good soil health?

A. Presence of earthworms

B. High organic matter content

C. Good water holding capacity

D. All of the above

 [Answer: D. All of the above ] 

Q46. Which soil type is rich in humus and found in hilly areas?

A. Forest soil

B. Alluvial soil

C. Laterite soil

D. Arid soil

 [Answer: A. Forest soil ] 

Q47. Which of the following states is NOT a major producer of jute in India?

A. West Bengal

B. Assam

C. Bihar

D. Punjab

 [Answer: D. Punjab ] 

Q48. What is the ideal pH range for most crops to thrive?

A. 4-5

B. 6-7

C. 8-9

D. 10-11

 [Answer: B. 6-7 ] 

Q49. Which soil type is rich in potash but poor in phosphorus?

A. Alluvial soil

B. Black soil

C. Laterite soil

D. Red soil

 [Answer: A. Alluvial soil ] 

Q50. Which of the following is a traditional method of soil conservation practiced in hilly regions?

A. Strip cropping

B. Terrace farming

C. Shelterbelts

D. Contour ploughing

 [Answer: B. Terrace farming ] 

Water Resources (MCQs 51 to 75) – Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs

Q51. Which of the following is NOT a primary source of freshwater?

A. Rivers

B. Lakes

C. Groundwater

D. Oceans

 [Answer: D. Oceans ] 

Q52.  The largest proportion of freshwater on Earth is found in:

A. Rivers and lakes

B. Glaciers and ice caps

C. Groundwater aquifers

D. The atmosphere

 [Answer: B. Glaciers and ice caps ] 

Q53. Which of the following sectors is the largest consumer of water in India?

A. Domestic

B. Industrial

C. Agricultural

D. Recreational

 [Answer: C. Agricultural ] 

Q54.  What is the primary cause of water scarcity in many regions?

A. Lack of rainfall

B. Overexploitation of water resources

C. Pollution of water bodies

D. All of the above

 [Answer: D. All of the above ] 

Q55.  Which of the following is NOT a water conservation method?

A. Rainwater harvesting

B. Drip irrigation

C. Building large dams

D. Water recycling

 [Answer: C. Building large dams ] 

Q56.  Multi-purpose river valley projects are primarily designed to:

A. Generate hydroelectricity

B. Control floods

C. Provide irrigation

D. All of the above

 [Answer: D. All of the above ] 

Q57.  Which of the following is a major environmental consequence of building large dams?

A. Increased biodiversity

B. Displacement of local populations

C. Improved water quality

D. Reduced risk of floods

 [Answer: B. Displacement of local populations ] 

Q58. Rainwater harvesting is the process of:

A. Collecting and storing rainwater for future use

B. Diverting rainwater to rivers and lakes

C. Increasing rainfall through cloud seeding

D. Purifying contaminated water

 [Answer: A. Collecting and storing rainwater for future use ] 

Q59. Which of the following is NOT a method of rainwater harvesting?

A. Rooftop rainwater harvesting

B. Surface runoff harvesting

C. Groundwater recharge

D. Desalination

 [Answer: D. Desalination ] 

Q60. Which of the following is a traditional method of water conservation in India?

A. Bamboo drip irrigation

B. Contour bunding

C. Johads

D. Drip irrigation

 [Answer: C. Johads ] 

Q61. Watershed management primarily focuses on:

A.  Building large dams

B.  Conserving and managing water resources within a specific drainage basin

C.  Increasing agricultural productivity

D.  Generating hydroelectric power

 [Answer: B.  Conserving and managing water resources within a specific drainage basin ] 

Q62. Which of the following is NOT a water-efficient irrigation technique?

A. Drip irrigation

B. Sprinkler irrigation

C. Flood irrigation

D. Furrow irrigation

 [Answer: C. Flood irrigation ] 

Q63. The Sardar Sarovar Dam is built on which river?

A. Ganga

B. Yamuna

C. Narmada

D. Godavari

 [Answer: C. Narmada ] 

Q64. The Bhakra Nangal Dam is a multipurpose river valley project located in:

A. Himachal Pradesh

B. Punjab

C. Haryana

D. All of the above

 [Answer: D. All of the above ] 

Q65. Climate change is likely to affect water resources by:

A. Increasing the frequency and intensity of droughts

B. Causing more frequent and severe floods

C. Accelerating the melting of glaciers

D. All of the above

 [Answer: D. All of the above ] 

Q66. Which of the following is a major source of water pollution in India?

A. Industrial effluents

B. Agricultural runoff

C. Untreated sewage

D. All of the above

 [Answer: D. All of the above ] 

Q67. Eutrophication refers to:

A. The excessive growth of algae in water bodies due to nutrient overload

B. The depletion of oxygen in water bodies

C. The contamination of water with heavy metals

D. The acidification of water bodies

 [Answer: A. The excessive growth of algae in water bodies due to nutrient overload (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q68. The Indus Water Treaty is a water-sharing agreement between:

A. India and Pakistan

B. India and Bangladesh

C. India and China

D. India and Nepal

 [Answer: A. India and Pakistan (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q69. Which of the following is a water-borne disease?

A. Malaria

B. Dengue

C. Cholera

D. Tuberculosis

 [Answer: C. Cholera (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q70. Greywater refers to:

A. Water from toilets

B. Wastewater from kitchens and bathrooms

C. Rainwater collected from rooftops

D. Water used for industrial purposes

 [Answer: B. Wastewater from kitchens and bathrooms (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q71. Which of the following is a traditional water harvesting structure found in Rajasthan?

A. Johads

B. Kunds

C. Baolis

D. All of the above

 [Answer: D. All of the above (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q72. The process of planting different crops in alternate rows to reduce soil erosion and conserve water is called:

A. Crop rotation

B. Intercropping

C. Strip cropping

D. Contour ploughing

 [Answer: C. Strip cropping (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q73.  The ‘Jal Jeevan Mission’ launched by the Indian government aims to:

A. Clean up polluted rivers

B. Provide piped drinking water to all rural households

C. Promote rainwater harvesting

D. Construct large dams

 [Answer: B. Provide piped drinking water to all rural households (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q74. What percentage of the Earth’s total water is readily available for human use?

A. About 71%

B. About 2.5%

C. About 0.006%

D. About 96.5%

 [Answer: C. About 0.006% (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q75. Which of the following is NOT a consequence of excessive groundwater withdrawal?

A. Lowering of the water table

B. Ground subsidence

C. Increased salinity of groundwater

D. Recharging of aquifers

 [Answer: D. Recharging of aquifers (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Mineral Resources (MCQs 76 to 100)

Mineral Resources (MCQs 76 to 100) – Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs

Q76. Which of the following is NOT a type of mineral?

A. Metallic

B. Non-metallic

C. Energy

D. Biotic

 [Answer: D. Biotic ] 

Q77. Minerals are classified based on:

A. Their chemical composition

B. Their physical properties

C. Their origin

D. All of the above

 [Answer: D. All of the above (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q78. Iron ore, bauxite, and copper are examples of:

A. Metallic minerals

B. Non-metallic minerals

C. Energy minerals

D. Fossil fuels

 [Answer: A. Metallic minerals (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q79. Limestone, gypsum, and mica are examples of:

A. Metallic minerals

B. Non-metallic minerals

C. Energy minerals

D. Fossil fuels

 [Answer: B. Non-metallic minerals (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q80. Coal and petroleum are examples of:

A. Metallic minerals

B. Non-metallic minerals

C. Energy minerals

D. Ferrous minerals

 [Answer: C. Energy minerals (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q81. Which state in India is the leading producer of iron ore?

A. Jharkhand

B. Odisha

C. Karnataka

D. Chhattisgarh

 [Answer: B. Odisha ] 

Q82. Bauxite is the ore of which metal?

A. Aluminium

B. Copper

C. Iron

D. Zinc

 [Answer: A. Aluminium (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q83. Mica is primarily used in which industry?

A. Construction

B. Electrical

C. Automobile

D. Pharmaceutical

 [Answer: B. Electrical (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q84. Which of the following is NOT a reason for conserving minerals?

A. They are non-renewable resources

B. Their extraction causes environmental damage

C. They are essential for industrial development

D. They are evenly distributed across the globe

 [Answer: D. They are evenly distributed across the globe (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q85. Which of the following is a method of mineral conservation?

A. Recycling

B. Using substitutes

C. Improving mining technology

D. All of the above

 [Answer: D. All of the above ] 

Q86. Which of the following is a ferrous mineral?

A. Manganese

B. Bauxite

C. Copper

D. Limestone

 [Answer: A. Manganese (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q87. Which mineral is used in the manufacturing of cement?

A. Limestone

B. Bauxite

C. Gypsum

D. Mica

 [Answer: A. Limestone (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q88. India is a leading producer of which of the following minerals?

A. Gold

B. Silver

C. Mica

D. Tin

 [Answer: C. Mica (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q89. Which mineral is known as ‘buried sunshine’?

A. Coal

B. Petroleum

C. Natural gas

D. Uranium

 [ (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) Answer: A. Coal ] 

Q90. The Kudremukh mines in Karnataka are famous for the extraction of:

A. Iron ore

B. Bauxite

C. Copper

D. Gold

 [Answer: A. Iron ore (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q91. Which of the following is an environmental impact of mining?

A. Deforestation

B. Air pollution

C. Water pollution

D. All of the above

 [Answer: D. All of the above (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q92. Open-cast mining is suitable for minerals that are:

A. Found deep below the Earth’s surface

B. Found close to the Earth’s surface

C. Rare and valuable

D. Found in mountainous regions

 [Answer: B. Found close to the Earth’s surface (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q93. Which of the following is a method of sustainable mining?

A. Minimizing waste generation

B. Land reclamation and rehabilitation

C. Using eco-friendly technologies

D. All of the above

 [Answer: D. All of the above (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q94. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act was enacted in:

A. 1948

B. 1957

C. 1986

D. 2015

 [Answer: B. 1957 (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q95. The term ‘ore’ refers to:

A. A rock containing a metal or mineral

B. A mineral in its pure form

C. A rock formed by volcanic activity

D. A sedimentary rock

 [Answer: A. A rock containing a metal or mineral (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q96. Which mineral is essential for the production of fertilizers?

A. Limestone

B. Gypsum

C. Rock phosphate

D. Bauxite

 [Answer: C. Rock phosphate (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q97. Which of the following minerals is used in the manufacturing of glass?

A. Quartz

B. Feldspar

C. Both A. and B.

D. Neither A. nor B.

 [Answer: C. Both A. and B. (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q98. What is the ‘Grade’ of an ore?

A. The proportion of desired mineral in the ore

B. The color of the ore

C. The depth at which the ore is found

D. The hardness of the ore

 [Answer: A. The proportion of desired mineral in the ore (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q99. Which of the following is a non-ferrous mineral?

A. Iron

B. Manganese

C. Chromium

D. Lead

 [Answer: D. Lead (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ] 

Q100. The process of separating minerals from other impurities in the ore is called:

A. Smelting

B. Concentration

C. Roasting

D. Calcination

 [Answer: B. Concentration (Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs by Top100MCQ.com) ]