History Class 9 French Revolution MCQ. Revise the French Revolution from Louis XVI’s rule to Napoleon’s rise using these important multiple-choice questions for Class 9.
Topics – History Class 9 French Revolution MCQ:
The Old Regime in France (Eve of Revolution) (MCQ 1–7)
Social and Economic Conditions Leading to Crisis (MCQ 8–13)
Key Terms of the Old Regime (MCQ 14–18)
Enlightenment Ideas and the Rise of the Third Estate (MCQ 19–24)
The Calling of the Estates General & Formation of National Assembly (MCQ 25–30)
The Outbreak of the Revolution (Bastille, Great Fear) (MCQ 31–36)
France Becomes a Constitutional Monarchy (1791 Constitution & Rights) (MCQ 37–47)
Political Symbols of the French Revolution (MCQ 48–61)
War, Radicalization, and the Abolition of Monarchy (MCQ 62–70)
The Reign of Terror (1793-1794) (MCQ 71–75)
The Directory and the Rise of Napoleon (MCQ 76–80)
Women’s Role and Rights in the Revolution (MCQ 81–89)
The Revolution and Slavery (MCQ 90–92)
Revolutionary Changes: Freedom of Press (MCQ 93)
The Rise and Rule of Napoleon Bonaparte (MCQ 94, 98–99)
Question 1: Who ascended the throne of France in 1774?
A. Louis XV
B. Louis XIV
C. Louis XVI
D. Louis XIII
C. Louis XVI. In 1774, Louis XVI of the Bourbon family of kings ascended the throne of France.
Question 2: Who was Louis XVI married to?
A. Catherine the Great
B. Queen Victoria
C. Marie Antoinette
D. Elizabeth I
C. Marie Antoinette. Louis XVI was married to the Austrian princess Marie Antoinette.
Question 3: What was the condition of France’s treasury when Louis XVI ascended the throne?
A. It was overflowing with riches.
B. It was nearly empty.
C. It had a moderate amount of wealth.
D. It had just enough to cover expenses.
B. It was nearly empty. Upon his accession, Louis XVI found an empty treasury due to long years of war and extravagant court expenses.
Question 4: What event significantly contributed to the increase in France’s debt during Louis XVI’s reign?
A. The French Revolution
B. The War of Spanish Succession
C. The Seven Years’ War
D. The American War of Independence
D. The American War of Independence. France’s assistance to the American colonies during their war for independence from Britain significantly increased France’s debt.
Question 5: Which estate in French society enjoyed exemptions from paying taxes to the state?
A. 1st estate: Clergy
B. 2nd estate: Nobility
C. 3rd estate: Big businessmen, merchants, court officials, lawyers, etc.
D. All estates were equally taxed
A. 1st estate: Clergy. The clergy and nobility, members of the first two estates, enjoyed exemptions from paying taxes to the state. (Note: The explanation mentions both clergy and nobility enjoyed exemptions, but the option A specifically points to the 1st estate, the clergy, which is correct in the context of the estates system.)
Question 6: What were the feudal privileges enjoyed by the nobility in France?
A. Exemption from military service
B. Exemption from paying taxes
C. Exemption from rendering services to the lord
D. Feudal dues and extraction of services from peasants
D. Feudal dues and extraction of services from peasants. The nobility enjoyed feudal privileges, including extracting feudal dues and services from peasants.
Question 7: Which group bore the burden of financing the activities of the state through taxes in France?
A. 1st estate: Clergy
B. 2nd estate: Nobility
C. 3rd estate: Big businessmen, merchants, court officials, lawyers, etc.
D. All estates shared the burden equally
C. 3rd estate: Big businessmen, merchants, court officials, lawyers, etc. The burden of financing the activities of the state through taxes was borne primarily by the third estate.
Question 8: What was the population of France in 1715?
A. About 23 million
B. About 28 million
C. About 30 million
D. About 20 million
A. About 23 million. The population of France was about 23 million in 1715.
Question 9: What was the population of France in 1789?
A. About 23 million
B. About 28 million
C. About 30 million
D. About 20 million
B. About 28 million. The population of France rose to about 28 million in 1789.
Question 10: What was the staple diet of the majority of people in France?
A. Meat
B. Fruits
C. Bread
D. Rice
C. Bread. Bread was the staple diet of the majority of people in France.
Question 11: What happened to the price of bread due to the rapid increase in demand for foodgrains?
A. It decreased
B. It remained the same
C. It rose rapidly
D. It fluctuated unpredictably
C. It rose rapidly. The rapid increase in demand for foodgrains led to a rapid rise in the price of bread.
Question 12: How did the gap between the poor and the rich widen during this period?
A. Due to increased social welfare programs
B. Due to a decrease in the population
C. Due to wages keeping pace with the rise in prices
D. Due to wages not keeping pace with the rise in prices
D. Due to wages not keeping pace with the rise in prices. The gap between the poor and the rich widened because wages did not keep pace with the rise in prices.
Question 13: What exacerbated the situation during periods of reduced harvest in France?
A. Increase in wages
B. Decrease in prices
C. Subsistence crisis
D. Improvement in living standards
C. Subsistence crisis. Drought or hail reducing the harvest exacerbated the situation, leading to a subsistence crisis.
Question 14: What was the unit of currency in France?
A. Dollar
B. Euro
C. Livre
D. Franc
C. Livre. Livre was the unit of currency in France, discontinued in 1794.
Question 15: What does the term “Clergy” refer to?
A. Group of persons invested with special functions in the church
B. Group of military leaders
C. Group of elected officials
D. Group of artisans
A. Group of persons invested with special functions in the church. Clergy refers to a group of persons invested with special functions in the church.
Question 16: What is a “Tithe”?
A. A tax levied by the state
B. A tax levied by the nobility
C. A tax levied by the church, comprising one-tenth of the agricultural produce
D. A tax levied on imports and exports
C. A tax levied by the church, comprising one-tenth of the agricultural produce. Tithe is a tax levied by the church, comprising one-tenth of the agricultural produce.
Question 17: What does “Taille” refer to?
A. Tax levied on clothing
B. Tax levied on property
C. Tax levied on income
D. Tax to be paid directly to the state
D. Tax to be paid directly to the state. Taille refers to a tax to be paid directly to the state in France.
Question 18: What does “Subsistence crisis” denote?
A. A period of economic growth
B. An extreme situation where the basic means of livelihood are endangered
C. A surplus in food production
D. A situation of stable living conditions
B. An extreme situation where the basic means of livelihood are endangered. Subsistence crisis refers to an extreme situation where the basic means of livelihood are endangered.
Question 19: Who were the main groups within the third estate that advocated for social and economic change?
A. Peasants and workers
B. Clergy and nobility
C. Middle class and educated professionals
D. Merchants and manufacturers
C. Middle class and educated professionals. The groups within the third estate who advocated for social and economic change were the middle class and educated professionals.
Question 20: What were the sources of wealth for the emerging middle class in the eighteenth century?
A. Agricultural production and land ownership
B. Overseas trade and manufacturing of goods
C. Inheritance and noble titles
D. Taxation and government contracts
B. Overseas trade and manufacturing of goods. The emerging middle class earned their wealth through expanding overseas trade and manufacturing of goods such as textiles.
Question 21: Which philosophers proposed ideas envisioning a society based on freedom and equal laws and opportunities for all?
A. Aristotle and Plato
B. John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau
C. Adam Smith and David Hume
D. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
B. John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau. John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau proposed ideas envisioning a society based on freedom and equal laws and opportunities for all.
Question 22: What governmental model did Montesquieu propose in “The Spirit of the Laws”?
A. Monarchy
B. Oligarchy
C. Democracy
D. Separation of powers
D. Separation of powers. Montesquieu proposed a division of power within the government between the legislative, the executive, and the judiciary.
Question 23: What important example did the American constitution set for political thinkers in France?
A. The concept of divine right of monarchs
B. The guarantee of individual rights
C. The imposition of further taxes
D. The system of feudal privileges
B. The guarantee of individual rights. The American constitution and its guarantee of individual rights set an important example for political thinkers in France.
Question 24: How were the ideas of philosophers like John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau disseminated among the people?
A. Through government propaganda
B. Through schools and universities only
C. Through discussion in salons and coffeehouses, books, and newspapers
D. Through secret societies and underground movements
C. Through discussion in salons and coffeehouses, books, and newspapers. The ideas of philosophers like John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau were disseminated among the people through discussion in salons and coffeehouses, as well as through books and newspapers.
Question 25: How did Louis XVI typically propose new taxes in France of the Old Regime?
A. Through executive decree
B. By consulting with the clergy and nobility
C. By calling a meeting of the Estates General
D. By seeking approval from neighboring monarchs
C. By calling a meeting of the Estates General. In France of the Old Regime, Louis XVI typically proposed new taxes by calling a meeting of the Estates General.
Question 26: What was the Estates General?
A. A royal palace in France
B. A political body representing the three estates
C. A democratic assembly representing all citizens
D. A council of advisors to the king
B. A political body representing the three estates. The Estates General was a political body to which the three estates (clergy, nobility, and third estate) sent their representatives.
Question 27: How did Louis XVI attempt to conduct voting in the Estates General?
A. By giving each estate one vote
B. By allowing each member to have one vote
C. By allowing only the clergy and nobility to vote
D. By appointing representatives to vote on behalf of each estate
A. By giving each estate one vote. Louis XVI attempted to conduct voting in the Estates General by giving each estate one vote.
Question 28: What democratic principle did members of the third estate demand regarding voting in the Estates General?
A. Each estate having one vote
B. Each member having one vote
C. Voting based on wealth
D. Voting based on social status
B. Each member having one vote. Members of the third estate demanded that voting in the Estates General be conducted by the assembly as a whole, where each member would have one vote.
Question 29: Where did the representatives of the third estate assemble on 20 June?
A. At the palace of Versailles
B. In the gardens of Versailles
C. In an indoor tennis court in the grounds of Versailles
D. At the Louvre Museum
C. In an indoor tennis court in the grounds of Versailles. On 20 June, the representatives of the third estate assembled in the hall of an indoor tennis court in the grounds of Versailles.
Question 30: Who wrote the influential pamphlet ‘What is the Third Estate’?
Question 31: What event occurred on 14 July that marked a significant moment in the French Revolution?
A. The storming and destruction of the Bastille
B. The coronation of Louis XVI
C. The signing of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
D. The formation of the National Assembly
A. The storming and destruction of the Bastille. On 14 July, the agitated crowd stormed and destroyed the Bastille, marking a significant moment in the French Revolution.
Question 32: What fueled the turmoil in France during the drafting of the constitution by the National Assembly?
A. Economic prosperity
B. Severe winter and bad harvest leading to a rise in bread prices
C. Social equality
D. Increase in government efficiency
B. Severe winter and bad harvest leading to a rise in bread prices. Turmoil in France was fueled by a severe winter and bad harvest leading to a rise in bread prices.
Question 33: What action did peasants take in response to the rumours of brigands destroying crops?
A. Fled to neighboring countries
B. Stormed and destroyed chateaux
C. Sought protection from the nobles
D. Sought assistance from the clergy
B. Stormed and destroyed chateaux. In response to the rumours, peasants stormed and destroyed chateaux, looted hoarded grain, and burnt down documents containing records of manorial dues.
Question 34: What decree did the National Assembly pass on the night of 4 August 1789?
A. A decree granting more power to the monarchy
B. A decree abolishing the feudal system of obligations and taxes
C. A decree imposing stricter regulations on the clergy
D. A decree banning all political parties
B. A decree abolishing the feudal system of obligations and taxes. On the night of 4 August 1789, the National Assembly passed a decree abolishing the feudal system of obligations and taxes.
Question 35: What does the term “Chateau” refer to?
A. A type of bread
B. A castle or stately residence belonging to a king or a nobleman
C. A form of government
D. A type of military unit
B. A castle or stately residence belonging to a king or a nobleman. “Chateau” refers to a castle or stately residence belonging to a king or a nobleman.
Question 36: What is a “Manor”?
A. A small village
B. An agricultural field
C. An estate consisting of the lord’s lands and his mansion
D. A type of horse-drawn carriage
C. An estate consisting of the lord’s lands and his mansion. A “Manor” refers to an estate consisting of the lord’s lands and his mansion.
Question 37: What was the main objective of the constitution drafted by the National Assembly in 1791?
A. To increase the powers of the monarch
B. To establish a totalitarian regime
C. To limit the powers of the monarch
D. To abolish the monarchy
C. To limit the powers of the monarch. The main objective of the constitution drafted by the National Assembly in 1791 was to limit the powers of the monarch.
Question 38: How were the powers of the monarch structured in the new political system established by the constitution?
A. Concentrated in the hands of one person
B. Separated and assigned to different institutions
C. Shared equally among all citizens
D. Transferred to the clergy and nobility
B. Separated and assigned to different institutions. In the new political system established by the constitution, the powers of the monarch were separated and assigned to different institutions.
Question 39: What type of monarchy did France become after the enactment of the constitution?
A. Absolute monarchy
B. Constitutional monarchy
C. Republic
D. Oligarchy
B. Constitutional monarchy. France became a constitutional monarchy after the enactment of the constitution.
Question 40: What did the constitution establish regarding the separation of powers?
A. Powers remained concentrated in the hands of the monarch
B. Powers were transferred to the clergy
C. Powers were separated and assigned to the legislature, executive, and judiciary
D. Powers were transferred to foreign monarchs
C. Powers were separated and assigned to the legislature, executive, and judiciary. The constitution established that powers were separated and assigned to the legislature, executive, and judiciary.
Question 41: How was the National Assembly formed under the Constitution of 1791?
A. Directly elected by citizens
B. Indirectly elected by electors chosen by citizens
C. Appointed by the king
D. Selected by foreign powers
B. Indirectly elected by electors chosen by citizens. Under the Constitution of 1791, the National Assembly was indirectly elected by electors chosen by citizens.
Question 42: Who had the right to vote under the Constitution of 1791?
A. All citizens above 25 years of age
B. Men and women above 18 years of age
C. Men above 25 years of age who paid taxes equal to at least 3 days of a labourer’s wage
D. Men above 18 years of age regardless of their tax status
C. Men above 25 years of age who paid taxes equal to at least 3 days of a labourer’s wage. Under the Constitution of 1791, only men above 25 years of age who paid taxes equal to at least 3 days of a labourer’s wage had the right to vote.
Question 43: How were citizens classified under the Constitution of 1791 based on their voting rights?
A. Active citizens and passive citizens
B. Upper-class citizens and lower-class citizens
C. Urban citizens and rural citizens
D. Employed citizens and unemployed citizens
A. Active citizens and passive citizens. Under the Constitution of 1791, citizens were classified as active citizens (those entitled to vote) and passive citizens (those not entitled to vote).
Question 44: What was the qualification required to become an elector and a member of the National Assembly under the Constitution of 1791?
A. Being a member of the clergy
B. Being a landowner
C. Belonging to the highest bracket of taxpayers
D. Being a member of the nobility
C. Belonging to the highest bracket of taxpayers. To qualify as an elector and a member of the National Assembly under the Constitution of 1791, a man had to belong to the highest bracket of taxpayers.
Question 45: What did the Constitution of 1791 begin with?
A. A Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
B. A list of government officials
C. A description of the country’s geography
D. A summary of recent political events
A. A Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen. The Constitution of 1791 began with a Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen.
Question 46: How were rights such as the right to life, freedom of speech, freedom of opinion, and equality before law described in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen?
A. As privileges granted by the state
B. As natural and inalienable rights belonging to each human being by birth
C. As rewards for loyalty to the monarchy
D. As temporary concessions to the populace
B. As natural and inalienable rights belonging to each human being by birth. Rights such as the right to life, freedom of speech, freedom of opinion, and equality before law were described in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen as natural and inalienable rights belonging to each human being by birth.
Question 47: What was the duty of the state regarding the protection of citizens’ natural rights, as per the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen?
A. To suppress citizens’ rights
B. To restrict citizens’ freedoms
C. To uphold and protect citizens’ natural rights
D. To abolish citizens’ rights
C. To uphold and protect citizens’ natural rights. According to the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, it was the duty of the state to uphold and protect citizens’ natural rights.
Question 48: What does the broken chain symbolize in the painting by Le Barbier?
A. Submission to authority
B. Bondage and slavery
C. Freedom and liberation
D. Unity and strength
C. Freedom and liberation. The broken chain symbolizes freedom and liberation, as chains were used to fetter slaves, and a broken chain represents the act of becoming free.
Question 49: What does the bundle of rods or fasces symbolize in the painting?
A. Fragility of power
B. Unity and strength
C. Subjugation of the masses
D. Tyranny and oppression
B. Unity and strength. The bundle of rods or fasces symbolizes unity and strength, as one rod can be easily broken, but not an entire bundle, indicating that strength lies in unity.
Question 50: What does the eye within a triangle radiating light represent in the painting?
A. Divine authority
B. Enlightenment and knowledge
C. Surveillance and control
D. Secrecy and mystery
B. Enlightenment and knowledge. The eye within a triangle radiating light represents enlightenment and knowledge, as the all-seeing eye stands for knowledge, and the rays of the sun will drive away the clouds of ignorance.
Question 51: What does the sceptre symbolize in the painting?
A. Equality among citizens
B. Divine right of kings
C. Enlightenment and wisdom
D. Democratic principles
B. Divine right of kings. The sceptre symbolizes royal power, representing the divine right of kings.
Question 52: What does the snake biting its tail to form a ring symbolize?
A. Infinite power
B. Eternal life and continuity
C. Deception and betrayal
D. Renewal and rebirth
B. Eternal life and continuity. The snake biting its tail to form a ring symbolizes eternity, as a ring has neither beginning nor end, representing eternal life and continuity.
Question 53: In what way did images and symbols help convey important ideas in the eighteenth century?
A. They replaced written language entirely.
B. They provided supplementary explanations to written text.
C. They were used exclusively by the educated elite.
D. They were considered irrelevant in communication.
B. They provided supplementary explanations to written text. In the eighteenth century, images and symbols helped convey important ideas by providing supplementary explanations to written text, especially for the largely illiterate population.
Question 54: Why was the broken chain a powerful symbol in the context of the painting by Le Barbier?
A. It represented the strength of royal power.
B. It depicted the oppression of the masses.
C. It symbolized the eternal struggle for freedom and liberation.
D. It signified the unity and cohesion of society.
C. It symbolized the eternal struggle for freedom and liberation. The broken chain was a powerful symbol because it symbolized the eternal struggle for freedom and liberation, contrasting with the oppression depicted by intact chains.
Question 55: How does the bundle of rods or fasces represent a concept relevant to society?
A. It symbolizes the weakness of individual power.
B. It embodies the idea of collective strength and unity.
C. It signifies the dominance of a single ruler.
D. It reflects the chaos and disarray within society.
B. It embodies the idea of collective strength and unity. The bundle of rods or fasces represents the concept of collective strength and unity, as it symbolizes that one rod can be easily broken, but not an entire bundle, indicating strength lies in unity.
Question 56: What message does the painting convey about knowledge and enlightenment?
A. Knowledge is restricted to the privileged few.
B. Enlightenment leads to tyranny and oppression.
C. The pursuit of knowledge is central to human progress.
D. Ignorance is blissful and desirable.
C. The pursuit of knowledge is central to human progress. The painting conveys that the pursuit of knowledge is central to human progress, as indicated by the all-seeing eye radiating light to drive away the clouds of ignorance.
Question 57: Why might the snake biting its tail to form a ring be interpreted as a symbol of hope?
A. It suggests the inevitability of decline and destruction.
B. It represents the cyclical nature of life and the promise of renewal.
C. It indicates the eternal struggle against oppression and tyranny.
D. It signifies the end of human civilization.
B. It represents the cyclical nature of life and the promise of renewal. The snake biting its tail to form a ring can be interpreted as a symbol of hope because it represents the cyclical nature of life and the promise of renewal, suggesting that endings lead to new beginnings.
Question 58: What does the Red Phrygian cap symbolize in the painting?
A. Loyalty to the monarchy
B. Subjugation to tyranny
C. Freedom and emancipation
D. Hierarchy and authority
C. Freedom and emancipation. The Red Phrygian cap symbolizes freedom and emancipation, as it was traditionally worn by a slave upon becoming free.
Question 59: What do the blue-white-red colors represent in the context of the painting?
A. The diversity of society
B. The monarchy’s supremacy
C. The national colors of France
D. The division of power
C. The national colors of France. The blue-white-red colors represent the national colors of France, symbolizing the ideals of the French Revolution.
Question 60: Who does the winged woman represent in the painting?
A. The divine authority
B. The monarchy
C. The personification of the law
D. The ruling elite
C. The personification of the law. The winged woman represents the personification of the law, embodying the principles of justice and equality.
Question 61: What does the Law Tablet symbolize in the painting?
A. The arbitrary nature of law
B. The superiority of the ruling class
C. The equality of all before the law
D. The suppression of dissent
C. The equality of all before the law. The Law Tablet symbolizes the equality of all before the law, emphasizing that the law is the same for all individuals.
Question 62: What was the response of Louis XVI to the tensions in France?
A. He openly supported the revolutionaries.
B. He entered into secret negotiations with foreign powers.
C. He declared war against Prussia and Austria.
D. He sought refuge in a neighboring country.
B. He entered into secret negotiations with foreign powers. Louis XVI responded to the tensions in France by entering into secret negotiations with the King of Prussia.
Question 63: What event led to the declaration of war against Prussia and Austria by the National Assembly?
A. The storming of the Bastille
B. The imprisonment of the royal family
C. The signing of the Constitution
D. The secret negotiations of Louis XVI with foreign powers
D. The secret negotiations of Louis XVI with foreign powers. The secret negotiations of Louis XVI with foreign powers led to the declaration of war against Prussia and Austria by the National Assembly.
Question 64: What was the significance of the Marseillaise during the revolutionary wars in France?
A. It was sung by volunteers as they marched into Paris, symbolizing the unity of the people against monarchies.
B. It was composed by Maximilien Robespierre to inspire the French army.
C. It represented the surrender of the French forces to foreign powers.
D. It celebrated the victories of the monarchy over revolutionary forces.
A. It was sung by volunteers as they marched into Paris, symbolizing the unity of the people against monarchies. The Marseillaise was sung by volunteers as they marched into Paris, symbolizing the unity of the people against monarchies.
Question 65: Who were the sans-culottes and what symbol did they adopt?
A. Wealthy nobles who supported the monarchy, adopting the tricolor flag.
B. Members of the clergy who opposed the revolution, adopting the red cap.
C. Working-class individuals who supported the revolution, adopting long striped trousers and the red cap.
D. Foreign mercenaries hired to suppress the revolution, adopting the fleur-de-lis emblem.
C. Working-class individuals who supported the revolution, adopting long striped trousers and the red cap. The sans-culottes were working-class individuals who supported the revolution, and they adopted long striped trousers and the red cap as their symbols.
Question 66: What event occurred on August 10, 1792, in Paris?
A. The storming of the Bastille
B. The execution of Louis XVI
C. The storming of the Tuileries Palace and the imprisonment of the royal family
D. The declaration of war against Prussia and Austria
C. The storming of the Tuileries Palace and the imprisonment of the royal family. On August 10, 1792, in Paris, the storming of the Tuileries Palace occurred, and the royal family was imprisoned.
Question 67: What was the outcome of the storming of the Tuileries Palace on August 10, 1792?
A. The royal family was executed.
B. The National Assembly voted to imprison the royal family.
C. The monarchy was abolished, and France was declared a republic.
D. Louis XVI abdicated the throne and fled the country.
B. The National Assembly voted to imprison the royal family. The outcome of the storming of the Tuileries Palace on August 10, 1792, was that the National Assembly voted to imprison the royal family.
Question 68: What change did the newly elected Convention bring about in France?
A. Abolition of political rights for all citizens
B. Restoration of the monarchy
C. Declaration of France as a republic and abolition of the monarchy
D. Establishment of a military dictatorship
C. Declaration of France as a republic and abolition of the monarchy. The newly elected Convention brought about the declaration of France as a republic and the abolition of the monarchy.
Question 69: What happened to Louis XVI after he was sentenced to death?
A. He was imprisoned for life.
B. He was exiled to a foreign country.
C. He was executed publicly.
D. He was pardoned by the National Assembly.
C. He was executed publicly. After being sentenced to death, Louis XVI was executed publicly.
Question 70: What was the fate of Marie Antoinette after the execution of Louis XVI?
A. She was imprisoned.
B. She was exiled.
C. She was pardone
D. D. She was executed.
D. She was executed. After the execution of Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette was also executed.
Question 71: What was the period from 1793 to 1794 referred to as?
A. The Renaissance
B. The Age of Enlightenment
C. The Reign of Terror
D. The Industrial Revolution
C. The Reign of Terror. The period from 1793 to 1794 is referred to as the Reign of Terror, characterized by severe control and punishment under Robespierre’s leadership.
Question 72: What was the fate of those considered ‘enemies’ of the republic during the Reign of Terror?
A. They were exiled from the country.
B. They were imprisoned and then tried by a revolutionary tribunal.
C. They were pardoned and release
D. D. They were promoted to higher positions in the government.
B. They were imprisoned and then tried by a revolutionary tribunal. Those considered ‘enemies’ of the republic during the Reign of Terror were imprisoned and then tried by a revolutionary tribunal.
Question 73: What was the purpose of the guillotine during the Reign of Terror?
A. To torture political prisoners
B. To enforce religious conformity
C. To execute individuals deemed ‘guilty’ by the revolutionary tribunal
D. To carry out medical experiments
C. To execute individuals deemed ‘guilty’ by the revolutionary tribunal. The guillotine was used during the Reign of Terror to execute individuals deemed ‘guilty’ by the revolutionary tribunal.
Question 74: What economic measures were implemented during the Reign of Terror?
A. Maximum ceiling on wages and prices, rationing of meat and bread, and forced grain transportation by peasants
B. Tax cuts for the wealthy and increased government spending
C. Privatization of industries and deregulation of markets
D. Expansion of social welfare programs and subsidies for farmers
A. Maximum ceiling on wages and prices, rationing of meat and bread, and forced grain transportation by peasants. Economic measures during the Reign of Terror included placing a maximum ceiling on wages and prices, rationing of meat and bread, and forcing peasants to transport their grain to cities and sell it at government-fixed prices.
Question 75: How did Robespierre seek to promote equality in society?
A. By granting privileges to the nobility and clergy
B. By enforcing strict class distinctions
C. By implementing laws on speech and address, and converting churches into secular buildings
D. By abolishing the revolutionary tribunal and releasing political prisoners
C. By implementing laws on speech and address, and converting churches into secular buildings. Robespierre sought to promote equality in society by implementing laws on speech and address (e.g., using ‘Citizen’ instead of traditional titles) and converting churches into secular buildings.
Question 76: What political changes occurred after the fall of the Jacobin government?
A. The monarchy was restored.
B. The wealthier middle classes seized power and introduced a new constitution.
C. The country was ruled by a military dictatorship.
D. The peasants gained control of the government.
B. The wealthier middle classes seized power and introduced a new constitution. After the fall of the Jacobin government, the wealthier middle classes seized power and introduced a new constitution.
Question 77: What was the key feature of the new constitution introduced after the fall of the Jacobin government?
A. Universal suffrage for all citizens
B. Denial of the vote to non-propertied sections of society
C. Establishment of an absolute monarchy
D. Abolition of the legislative councils
B. Denial of the vote to non-propertied sections of society. The key feature of the new constitution introduced after the fall of the Jacobin government was the denial of the vote to non-propertied sections of society.
Question 78: What was the purpose of the Directory in the new political system?
A. To concentrate power in a one-man executive
B. To ensure political stability and prevent concentration of power
C. To represent the interests of the clergy
D. To establish a military dictatorship
B. To ensure political stability and prevent concentration of power. The purpose of the Directory in the new political system was to ensure political stability and prevent concentration of power in a single executive, though it often led to instability.
Question 79: What factor contributed to the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte?
A. Economic prosperity
B. Political stability under the Directory
C. Social equality
D. Political instability and clashes between the Directory and legislative councils
D. Political instability and clashes between the Directory and legislative councils. The rise of Napoleon Bonaparte was contributed by political instability and clashes between the Directory and legislative councils.
Question 80: Despite changes in government, what ideals continued to inspire political movements in France and Europe?
A. Ideals of freedom, equality before the law, and fraternity
B. Ideals of absolute monarchy and divine right
C. Ideals of aristocratic privilege and hierarchy
D. Ideals of authoritarianism and dictatorship
A. Ideals of freedom, equality before the law, and fraternity. Despite changes in government, ideals of freedom, equality before the law, and fraternity continued to inspire political movements in France and Europe.
Question 81: What role did women play in the events that brought about changes in French society during the revolution?
A. They were passive observers.
B. They actively participated, hoping to improve their lives.
C. They opposed the revolution.
D. They supported the monarchy.
B. They actively participated, hoping to improve their lives. Women actively participated in the events of the revolution, hoping to improve their lives and pressurize the revolutionary government to introduce measures for their benefit.
Question 82: What were some of the occupations held by women of the third estate?
A. Soldiers and generals
B. Seamstresses, laundresses, and market vendors
C. Clergy and nobility
D. Lawyers and politicians
B. Seamstresses, laundresses, and market vendors. Women of the third estate held occupations such as seamstresses, laundresses, and market vendors.
Question 83: What were some of the demands made by women’s clubs during the revolution?
A. Lower taxes for the wealthy
B. Equal political rights for women
C. Increased privileges for the clergy
D. Exclusion of women from political participation
B. Equal political rights for women. Women’s clubs during the revolution demanded equal political rights for women, including the right to vote, to be elected to the Assembly, and to hold political office.
Question 84: What changes in laws were introduced by the revolutionary government to improve the lives of women?
A. Compulsory military service for women
B. Forced marriages arranged by the state
C. Compulsory schooling for girls, legalizing divorce, and granting women the right to train for jobs
D. Banning women from holding property
C. Compulsory schooling for girls, legalizing divorce, and granting women the right to train for jobs. The revolutionary government introduced laws such as compulsory schooling for girls, legalizing divorce, and granting women the right to train for jobs to improve their lives.
Question 85: When did women in France finally win the right to vote?
A. During the French Revolution
B. During the Reign of Terror
C. In 1946
D. In the early 20th century
C. In 1946. Women in France finally won the right to vote in 1946.
Question 86: Who was Olympe de Gouges?
A. A noblewoman
B. A politically active woman in revolutionary France
C. A member of the clergy
D. A supporter of the monarchy
B. A politically active woman in revolutionary France. Olympe de Gouges was a politically active woman in revolutionary France who protested against the exclusion of women from basic rights.
Question 87: What did Olympe de Gouges do in response to the exclusion of women from basic rights in the Constitution and Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen?
A. She joined the Jacobin government.
B. She criticized the Queen.
C. She wrote a Declaration of the Rights of Woman and Citizen.
D. She supported the National Assembly.
C. She wrote a Declaration of the Rights of Woman and Citizen. In response to the exclusion of women from basic rights, Olympe de Gouges wrote a Declaration of the Rights of Woman and Citizen.
Question 88: What action led to Olympe de Gouges being charged with treason by the National Convention?
A. Her criticism of the Jacobin government
B. Her support for the monarchy
C. Her involvement in a conspiracy against the government
D. Her refusal to pay taxes
A. Her criticism of the Jacobin government. Olympe de Gouges was charged with treason by the National Convention for criticizing the Jacobin government and its policies, including the Reign of Terror.
Question 89: What was the outcome of the trial of Olympe de Gouges?
A. She was acquitted of all charges.
B. She was sentenced to exile.
C. She was imprisoned for life.
D. She was executed.
D. She was executed. Olympe de Gouges was executed after being tried by the National Convention.
Question 90: What was one of the most revolutionary social reforms of the Jacobin regime?
A. Abolition of serfdom in France
B. Establishment of universal suffrage
C. Abolition of slavery in the French colonies
D. Introduction of compulsory education for all children
C. Abolition of slavery in the French colonies. One of the most revolutionary social reforms of the Jacobin regime was the abolition of slavery in the French colonies.
Question 91: How did French merchants obtain slaves during the seventeenth century?
A. By importing them from Asia
B. By capturing them in Europe
C. By buying them from local chieftains in Africa
D. By recruiting them from North America
C. By buying them from local chieftains in Africa. French merchants obtained slaves during the seventeenth century primarily through the transatlantic slave trade, buying them from local chieftains on the African coast.
Question 92: Why did the National Assembly hesitate to extend the rights of man to all French subjects, including those in the colonies?
A. Fear of opposition from slave owners
B. Lack of interest in colonial affairs
C. Concerns about economic stability
D. Resistance from European powers
A. Fear of opposition from slave owners. The National Assembly hesitated to extend the rights of man to all French subjects, including those in the colonies, due to fear of opposition from businessmen whose incomes depended on the slave trade.
Question 93: What important law came into effect soon after the storming of the Bastille in 1789?
A. Abolition of censorship
B. Introduction of universal suffrage
C. Establishment of compulsory education
D. Nationalization of industries
A. Abolition of censorship. The abolition of censorship was an important law that came into effect soon after the storming of the Bastille in the summer of 1789.
Question 94: What significant change did Napoleon Bonaparte introduce in France in 1804?
A. Introduction of a democratic system
B. Abolition of private property
C. Establishment of a monarchy
D. Crowned himself Emperor of France
D. Crowned himself Emperor of France. Napoleon Bonaparte introduced the significant change of crowning himself Emperor of France in 1804.
Question 95: What does the term “Negroes” refer to?
A. Indigenous people of Europe
B. Indigenous people of Asia
C. Indigenous people of Africa south of the Sahara
D. Indigenous people of Australia
C. Indigenous people of Africa south of the Sahara. “Negroes” is a term used for the indigenous people of Africa south of the Sahara. It is now considered derogatory.
Question 96: What does the term “emancipation” mean?
A. The act of enslaving
B. The act of subjugating
C. The act of freeing
D. The act of conquering
C. The act of freeing. “Emancipation” refers to the act of freeing.
Question 97: What inspired Raja Rammohan Roy?
A. The American Revolution
B. The French Revolution
C. The Industrial Revolution
D. The Russian Revolution
B. The French Revolution. Raja Rammohan Roy was one of the individuals in India who responded to the ideas coming from revolutionary France.
Question 98: What was one significant aspect of Napoleon’s rule?
A. He abolished private property
B. He established a monarchy
C. He introduced a uniform system of weights and measures
D. He imposed strict censorship on the press
C. He introduced a uniform system of weights and measures. Napoleon introduced many laws such as the protection of private property and a uniform system of weights and measures provided by the decimal system.
Question 99: How was Napoleon initially perceived by many people?
A. As a dictator
B. As an invader
C. As a liberator
D. As a monarch
C. As a liberator. Initially, many saw Napoleon as a liberator who would bring freedom for the people.
