General Science 100 MCQ BPSC Exam

Correct Answer: B. Acceleration. The acceleration due to gravity remains constant throughout the ball’s motion.

Correct Answer: B. Newton (N). Newtons measure force, not pressure. Pressure is force per unit area.

Correct Answer: B. The wood is less dense than water. Objects less dense than a fluid will float in that fluid.

Correct Answer: C. They will hit the ground at the same time. Gravity accelerates all objects equally, regardless of mass.

Correct Answer: B. Pascal’s Law. Pascal’s Law states that pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted equally throughout the fluid.

Correct Answer: C. Copper. Metals are generally excellent conductors of heat.

Correct Answer: B. The volume increases. This is described by Charles’s Law.

Correct Answer: B. A hot air balloon rising. Convection involves heat transfer through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases).

Correct Answer: C. Radiation. Radiation can transfer heat through the vacuum of space, unlike conduction or convection.

Correct Answer: B. Conservation of energy. The first law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed.

Correct Answer: B. Frequency. Higher frequency corresponds to a higher pitch.

Correct Answer: C. The relative motion between the source of sound and the observer. This relative motion causes a shift in the perceived frequency of the sound.

Correct Answer: C. A vacuum. Sound waves require a medium (like air, water, or solids) to propagate.

Correct Answer: B. Converges light rays. Convex lenses bring light rays together at a focal point.

Correct Answer: B. Concave lens. Concave lenses diverge light rays, which helps to focus the image correctly on the retina for nearsighted individuals.

Correct Answer: B. Red, green, blue. These are the additive primary colors of light.

Correct Answer: B. Diffraction. Diffraction is the bending of waves around obstacles or through openings.

Correct Answer: B. To control the amount of light entering the eye. The iris adjusts the size of the pupil to regulate light entry.

Correct Answer: C. Ohm. Resistance is measured in ohms.

Correct Answer: A. Is the same at all points. In a series circuit, there is only one path for the current to flow.

Correct Answer: B. It creates two magnets, each with a north and south pole. You cannot isolate a north or south pole.

Correct Answer: A. Generating electricity from magnetism. This is the principle behind generators.

Correct Answer: A. Positive. Protons have a positive charge.

Correct Answer: B. Beta decay. Beta decay involves the emission of an electron (or positron).

Correct Answer: A. The relationship between mass and energy. The famous equation $E=mc^2$ comes from this theory.

Correct Answer: A. Atom. Atoms are the fundamental building blocks of elements.

Correct Answer: C. Burning wood. Burning wood involves a change in the chemical composition of the wood.

Correct Answer: B. 7. A pH of 7 is neutral, below 7 is acidic, and above 7 is basic.

Correct Answer: B. Au. Au is the chemical symbol derived from the Latin word “aurum”.

Correct Answer: D. Vacuum. A vacuum is the absence of matter.

Correct Answer: A. Oxygen. Oxygen makes up a significant portion of the Earth’s crust in various compounds.

Correct Answer: A. $H_2O$. Water is composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.

Correct Answer: C. Helium. Noble gases are in Group 18 of the periodic table and are known for their low reactivity.

Correct Answer: A. Galvanization. This process creates a protective layer of zinc on the iron.

Correct Answer: A. They are highly reactive. Alkali metals (Group 1) are known for their high reactivity with water and air.

Correct Answer: B. -1. Chlorine gains one electron to achieve a stable electron configuration, giving it a negative charge.

Correct Answer: C. Bronze. Bronze is an alloy made primarily of copper and tin.

Correct Answer: A. Methane. Methane ($CH_4$) is the simplest hydrocarbon and the main component of natural gas.

Correct Answer: C. -OH. The hydroxyl group (-OH) is characteristic of alcohols.

Correct Answer: B. $C_nH_{2n+2}$. Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons with this general formula.

Correct Answer: C. Butene. Unsaturated hydrocarbons contain double or triple bonds between carbon atoms.

Correct Answer: A. Hydrogenation. This process adds hydrogen to unsaturated fats, making them more solid.

Correct Answer: C. Polyethylene. Polyethylene is a common plastic made from repeating ethylene units.

Correct Answer: C. Carbon dioxide. While essential for life, excess carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) acts as a greenhouse gas and is considered a pollutant at high concentrations, contributing to climate change.

Correct Answer: B. Burning of fossil fuels. This releases sulfur dioxide ($SO_2$) and nitrogen oxides ($NO_x$), which react with water in the atmosphere to form acid rain.

Correct Answer: A. Eutrophication. This often results from fertilizer runoff and sewage discharge.

Correct Answer: A. Methane. Methane ($CH_4$) is a potent greenhouse gas that traps heat in the atmosphere.

Correct Answer: B. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). CFCs, previously used in refrigerants and aerosols, break down ozone ($O_3$) in the stratosphere.

Correct Answer: A. Desalination. This process makes seawater suitable for drinking and irrigation.

Correct Answer: C. Food scraps. Biodegradable waste can be broken down naturally by microorganisms.

Correct Answer: A. Photosynthesis. Plants use chlorophyll to capture light energy and produce glucose.

Correct Answer: C. Roots. Roots anchor the plant and absorb water and nutrients.

Correct Answer: A. To transport water and minerals from roots to leaves. The xylem is a vascular tissue responsible for this upward transport.

Correct Answer: D. Muscle tissue. Muscle tissue is found in animals, not plants.

Correct Answer: B. Stamen. The stamen consists of the anther and filament and produces pollen.

Correct Answer: B. Moss. Bryophytes are non-vascular plants that include mosses, liverworts, and hornworts.

Correct Answer: D. Insect. Invertebrates lack a backbone.

Correct Answer: C. To exchange gases with the environment. The respiratory system takes in oxygen and releases carbon dioxide.

Correct Answer: C. Reptile. Cold-blooded (poikilothermic or ectothermic) animals rely on external sources to regulate their body temperature. Amphibians are also typically considered cold-blooded.

Correct Answer: A. Metamorphosis. This involves significant changes in the insect’s body structure.

Correct Answer: C. Whale. Mammals are warm-blooded vertebrates characterized by hair, mammary glands, and breathing air.

Correct Answer: A. To extract oxygen from water. Gills are specialized organs for gas exchange in aquatic environments.

Correct Answer: A. Heart. The heart is the central pump of the circulatory system.

Correct Answer: A. To break down food and absorb nutrients. The digestive system processes food into usable forms for the body.

Correct Answer: A. Brain. The brain is the central control organ of the nervous system.

Correct Answer: C. To fight infections. White blood cells (leukocytes) are a key part of the immune system.

Correct Answer: A. Diabetes. Specifically, Type 1 diabetes is caused by the body’s inability to produce enough insulin, which regulates blood sugar.

Correct Answer: A. To filter waste products from the blood. The kidneys remove waste materials and excess fluid, producing urine.

Correct Answer: A. Gene. Genes are segments of DNA that carry the instructions for specific traits.

Correct Answer: A. mRNA. Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the genetic code transcribed from DNA to the ribosomes for protein synthesis.

Correct Answer: A. Replication. DNA replication is the process by which a DNA molecule makes an identical copy of itself.

Correct Answer: A. Charles Darwin. Darwin proposed that species evolve over time through the mechanism of natural selection.

Correct Answer: A. Natural selection. This differential survival and reproduction based on advantageous traits is the core mechanism of evolution.

Correct Answer: A. Ecosystem. Ecosystems encompass all living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) components interacting in a specific area.

Correct Answer: B. To break down dead organisms and recycle nutrients. Decomposers like bacteria and fungi play a vital role in nutrient cycling.

Correct Answer: A. Biodiversity. Biodiversity refers to the variety of species, genetic variation within species, and the diversity of ecosystems.

Correct Answer: A. Habitat loss. The destruction and fragmentation of natural habitats is a leading cause of species decline and biodiversity loss.

Correct Answer: A. Biomagnification. This process leads to higher concentrations of toxins in organisms at higher trophic levels.

Correct Answer: A. Nanotechnology. Nanotechnology involves designing, producing, and applying structures, devices, and systems by controlling shape and size at the nanometer scale.

Correct Answer: A. Developing genetically modified crops. Biotechnology uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof to make or modify products or processes for specific use.

Correct Answer: A. Artificial intelligence (AI). AI involves creating computer systems that can perform tasks such as learning, problem-solving, and decision-making.

Correct Answer: A. Reusable rockets. Companies like SpaceX have pioneered reusable rocket technology to significantly lower the cost of space launches.

Correct Answer: A. Internet of Things (IoT). IoT refers to the network of physical objects embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies that enable them to connect and exchange data.

Correct Answer: A. Storing and accessing data over the internet. Cloud computing delivers computing services—including servers, storage, databases, networking, software—over the Internet.

Correct Answer: A. ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation). ISRO is the primary agency for space exploration, satellite development, and launch vehicle technology in India.

Correct Answer: A. Aryabhata. Named after the ancient Indian mathematician, Aryabhata was launched by the Soviet Union in 1975.

Correct Answer: D. All of the above. India has achieved significant milestones including lunar exploration (Chandrayaan), Mars orbiter mission (Mangalyaan), and developing reliable launch vehicles.

Correct Answer: A. BARC (Bhabha Atomic Research Centre). BARC, under the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), is India’s premier nuclear research facility.

Correct Answer: A. Smiling Buddha. This was the code name for India’s first successful nuclear bomb test conducted on 18 May 1974 in Pokhran (Pokhran-I).

Correct Answer: D. All of the above. These are operational nuclear power plants contributing to India’s energy grid.

Correct Answer: A. Agni. The Agni series represents India’s medium to intercontinental range ballistic missiles developed under the Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP).

Correct Answer: A. Homi J. Bhabha. Dr. Homi Jehangir Bhabha was the visionary architect of India’s nuclear energy program.

Correct Answer: D. All of the above. Bihar has initiated various measures including reviving Nalanda University (with international collaboration), formulating a biotechnology policy, and encouraging IT sector growth.

Correct Answer: D. All of the above. The policy aims to leverage biotechnology for socio-economic development by fostering research, attracting investment, and generating employment.

Correct Answer: A. Patna. Patna, the state capital, has seen the development of IT parks and is attracting IT companies.

Correct Answer: C. Both A and B. Both the Shri Krishna Science Centre and the Indira Gandhi Science Complex (Planetarium) in Patna aim to promote science education and awareness.

Correct Answer: D. All of the above. The university is dedicated to advancing agriculture in the state through research, education, and extension activities.

Correct Answer: D. All of the above. These crafts involve understanding materials (pigments, fibers, grass properties), processes (weaving techniques, dyeing), and sometimes chemical interactions.

Correct Answer: D. All of the above. The council works towards integrating science and technology into the state’s development plans and promoting a scientific temper.

Correct Answer: D. All of the above. Bihar faces challenges related to infrastructure, funding, and retaining skilled manpower, which impact the pace of S&T development.