Carbon and its Compounds MCQ

Q: What makes carbon so special in forming compounds?

Carbon's unique ability to form bonds with itself (catenation) and its tetravalency (ability to form four bonds) allow it to create a vast array of diverse and complex molecules.

Q: What's the difference between saturated and unsaturated carbon compounds?

Saturated compounds have only single bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated compounds contain double or triple bonds, making them more reactive.

Q: Can carbon atoms arrange themselves in ways other than chains?

Yes! Carbon can form not only straight and branched chains but also rings (cyclic structures), further increasing the variety of its compounds.

Q: What are functional groups, and why are they important?

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms (often containing heteroatoms like oxygen or nitrogen) that replace hydrogen in hydrocarbons. They dictate the characteristic properties of a compound.

Q: What's a homologous series?

A homologous series is a family of carbon compounds with the same functional group but varying carbon chain lengths. They show a gradual change in physical properties and similar chemical properties.

Q: How are carbon compounds named systematically?

The naming involves identifying the main carbon chain, adding a prefix or suffix to indicate the functional group, and specifying any double or triple bonds.

Q: What happens when carbon compounds burn?

Combustion occurs, releasing heat and light. Complete combustion produces carbon dioxide and water, while incomplete combustion generates carbon monoxide (a pollutant) and water.

Q: Can unsaturated hydrocarbons be converted to saturated ones?

Yes, through a process called hydrogenation, where hydrogen is added to the unsaturated compound in the presence of a catalyst, typically palladium or nickel.

Q: What's the difference between soap and detergent?

Both are cleaning agents, but soap can form scum in hard water due to its reaction with calcium and magnesium ions. Detergents are designed to avoid this problem.

Q: How does soap work to clean oily dirt?

Soap molecules form micelles in water, with their hydrophilic (water-loving) heads facing outward and hydrophobic (water-hating) tails trapping the oil inside, allowing it to be washed away.

Question 1

Question 1: Which element forms the basis for all living organisms and many everyday items?

A. OxygenB. HydrogenC. CarbonD. Nitrogen

Answer

C. Carbon is the fundamental element found in all living things and a vast array of materials we use daily. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 2

Question 2: In what forms is carbon significant?

A. Elemental form onlyB. Combined form onlyC. Both elemental and combined formsD. None of the above

Answer

C. Carbon is important both in its pure, elemental state (like diamond and graphite) and when combined with other elements to form compounds. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 3

Question 3: Which of the following is NOT primarily made up of carbon compounds?

A. FoodB. MedicinesC. MetalsD. Clothes

Answer

C. Metals are primarily made up of metallic elements, not carbon compounds. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 4

Question 4: What is the foundation of all living structures?

A. CarbonB. OxygenC. NitrogenD. Hydrogen

Answer

A. Carbon is the essential building block of all living structures, forming the backbone of organic molecules. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 5

Question 5: Where is carbon predominantly found on Earth?

A. Earth’s crustB. AtmosphereC. Both Earth’s crust and atmosphereD. None of the above

Answer

C. Carbon is found in the Earth’s crust as minerals and in the atmosphere as carbon dioxide. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 6

Question 6: In what forms is carbon present in the Earth’s crust?

A. CarbonatesB. HydrogencarbonatesC. Coal and petroleumD. All of the above

Answer

D. Carbon exists in the Earth’s crust in various forms, including carbonates, hydrogencarbonates, coal, and petroleum. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 7

Question 7: What percentage of carbon dioxide is present in the atmosphere?

A. 0.02%B. 0.03%C. 0.2%D. 0.3%

Answer

B. The atmosphere contains approximately 0.03% carbon dioxide. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 8

Question 8: Despite its limited availability, why is carbon so important?

A. Its ability to form strong bondsB. Its ability to bond with various elementsC. Its versatility in forming different structuresD. All of the above

Answer

D. Carbon’s importance stems from its ability to form strong bonds, bond with various elements, and create diverse structures, leading to a vast array of compounds. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 9

Question 9: Carbon compounds are generally:

A. Good conductors of electricityB. Poor conductors of electricityC. SemiconductorsD. Superconductors

Answer

B. Most carbon compounds are poor conductors of electricity. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 10

Question 10: Compared to ionic compounds, carbon compounds have:

A. Higher melting and boiling pointsB. Lower melting and boiling pointsC. Similar melting and boiling pointsD. None of the above

Answer

B. Carbon compounds typically exhibit lower melting and boiling points compared to ionic compounds. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 11

Question 11: The forces of attraction between molecules in carbon compounds are:

A. Very strongB. Not very strongC. Similar to ionic compoundsD. None of the above

Answer

B. The intermolecular forces in carbon compounds are relatively weak. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 12

Question 12: The bonding in carbon compounds does not result in the formation of:

A. IonsB. MoleculesC. Covalent bondsD. Shared electron pairs

Answer

A. Carbon compounds primarily involve covalent bonding, which does not lead to the creation of ions. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 13

Question 13: What is the atomic number of carbon?

A. 4B. 6C. 8D. 12

Answer

B. Carbon has an atomic number of 6. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 14

Question 14: How many valence electrons does carbon have?

A. 2B. 4C. 6D. 8

Answer

B. Carbon possesses 4 valence electrons in its outermost shell. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 15

Question 15: How does carbon achieve stability?

A. By gaining electronsB. By losing electronsC. By sharing electronsD. None of the above

Answer

C. Carbon attains stability by sharing its valence electrons with other atoms. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 16

Question 16: What is the simplest molecule formed by sharing valence electrons?

A. Hydrogen (H₂)B. Chlorine (Cl₂)C. Oxygen (O₂)D. Nitrogen (N₂)

Answer

A. Hydrogen gas (H₂) is the simplest molecule formed through the sharing of valence electrons. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 17

Question 17: What type of bond is formed when a shared pair of electrons constitutes a single covalent bond?

A. Ionic bondB. Metallic bondC. Covalent bondD. Hydrogen bond

Answer

C. A single shared pair of electrons results in the formation of a single covalent bond. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 18

Question 18: Which of the following molecules exhibits a double bond?

A. Hydrogen (H₂)B. Chlorine (Cl₂)C. Oxygen (O₂)D. Nitrogen (N₂)

Answer

C. Oxygen (O₂) forms a double bond between its two atoms. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 19

Question 19: How many bonds are present in a molecule of nitrogen (N₂)?

A. Single bondB. Double bondC. Triple bondD. No bond

Answer

C. Nitrogen (N₂) has a triple bond between its two atoms. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 20

Question 20: What is the formula of methane?

A. CH₄B. C₂H₆C. C₃H₈D. C₄H₁₀

Answer

A. Methane is represented by the chemical formula CH₄. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 21

Question 21: How many hydrogen atoms are bonded to a carbon atom in methane?

A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4

Answer

D. In methane, each carbon atom is bonded to four hydrogen atoms. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 22

Question 22: Covalent bonds are formed by:

A. Transfer of electronsB. Sharing of electron pairsC. Formation of ionsD. None of the above

Answer

B. Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 23

Question 23: Which of the following statements is true about covalent compounds?

A. They have strong intermolecular forces.B. They are generally good conductors of electricityC. They have low melting and boiling pointsD. They form ions in solution

Answer

C. Covalent compounds typically have weak intermolecular forces, leading to low melting and boiling points. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 24

Question 24: Which of the following is NOT an allotrope of carbon?

A. DiamondB. GraphiteC. FullereneD. Methane

Answer

D. Methane is a compound of carbon, not an allotrope. Allotropes are different forms of the same element. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 25

Question 25: Which allotrope of carbon is the hardest substance known?

A. DiamondB. GraphiteC. FullereneD. None of the above

Answer

A. Diamond, with its rigid three-dimensional structure, is renowned for its exceptional hardness. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 26

Question 26: Which two properties of carbon enable it to form a vast number of compounds?

A. Tetravalency and catenationB. Catenation and isomerismC. Tetravalency and isomerismD. None of the above

Answer

A. Carbon’s ability to form four bonds (tetravalency) and link with other carbon atoms (catenation) contributes to its versatility in forming numerous compounds. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 27

Question 27: What is catenation?

A. The ability of carbon to form bonds with other carbon atomsB. The ability of carbon to form different isomersC. The ability of carbon to bond with hydrogenD. None of the above

Answer

A. Catenation refers to the unique property of carbon to create chains or rings by forming bonds with other carbon atoms. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 28

Question 28: Carbon compounds linked by only single bonds between carbon atoms are called:

A. Saturated compoundsB. Unsaturated compoundsC. Aromatic compoundsD. Aliphatic compounds

Answer

A. Carbon compounds with exclusively single bonds between carbon atoms are classified as saturated compounds. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 29

Question 29: Carbon compounds having double or triple bonds between carbon atoms are called:

A. Saturated compoundsB. Unsaturated compoundsC. Aromatic compoundsD. Aliphatic compounds

Answer

B. Unsaturated compounds are characterized by the presence of double or triple bonds between carbon atoms. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 30

Question 30: Which of the following elements exhibits catenation to the greatest extent?

A. CarbonB. SiliconC. OxygenD. Nitrogen

Answer

A. Carbon displays the most extensive catenation among all elements, forming long and stable chains. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 31

Question 31: Why are carbon-carbon bonds strong and stable?

A. Large size of carbon atomsB. Small size of carbon atomsC. High electronegativity of carbonD. Low electronegativity of carbon

Answer

B. The small size of carbon atoms allows the nucleus to hold onto shared pairs of electrons strongly. The bonds formed by elements having bigger atoms are much weaker. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 32

Question 32: What is the valency of carbon?

A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 5

Answer

C. Carbon has a valency of 4, meaning it can form bonds with up to four other atoms. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 33

Question 33: Carbon readily forms compounds with:

A. OxygenB. HydrogenC. NitrogenD. All of the above

Answer

D. Carbon’s tetravalency allows it to bond with various elements, including oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, chlorine, and many others. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 34

Question 34: The strength of carbon bonds with other elements contributes to:

A. The instability of carbon compoundsB. The exceptional stability of carbon compoundsC. The reactivity of carbon compoundsD. None of the above

Answer

B. Carbon forms strong bonds with most other elements, resulting in exceptionally stable compounds. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 35

Question 35: What factor contributes to the formation of strong bonds by carbon?

A. Its large sizeB. Its small sizeC. Its high electronegativityD. Its low electronegativity

Answer

B. Carbon’s small size enables its nucleus to hold onto shared electron pairs tightly, leading to the formation of strong bonds. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 36

Question 36: Compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen are called:

A. HydrocarbonsB. CarbohydratesC. AlcoholsD. Carboxylic acids

Answer

A. Hydrocarbons are organic compounds composed exclusively of carbon and hydrogen atoms. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 37

Question 37: Saturated hydrocarbons are also known as:

A. AlkanesB. AlkenesC. AlkynesD. Aromatics

Answer

A. Alkanes are the saturated hydrocarbons, containing only single bonds between carbon atoms. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 38

Question 38: Unsaturated hydrocarbons containing one or more double bonds are called:

A. AlkanesB. AlkenesC. AlkynesD. Aromatics

Answer

B. Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons characterized by the presence of at least one carbon-carbon double bond. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 39

Question 39: Which hydrocarbons contain one or more triple bonds?

A. AlkanesB. AlkenesC. AlkynesD. Aromatics

Answer

C. Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons featuring one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 40

Question 40: What are heteroatoms?

A. Carbon atoms in a hydrocarbon chainB. Hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon chainC. Elements replacing hydrogen in a hydrocarbon chainD. Functional groups attached to a hydrocarbon chain

Answer

C. Heteroatoms are elements other than carbon and hydrogen that substitute for hydrogen atoms within a hydrocarbon chain. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 41

Question 41: Which of the following is NOT a heteroatom commonly found in carbon compounds?

A. OxygenB. NitrogenC. SulfurD. Calcium

Answer

D. Calcium is not a typical heteroatom found in carbon compounds. Common heteroatoms include oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and halogens. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 42

Question 42: What are functional groups?

A. Heteroatoms that replace hydrogen in hydrocarbonsB. Groups containing heteroatoms that confer specific properties to compoundsC. Carbon chains of varying lengthsD. Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures

Answer

B. Functional groups are specific groups of atoms, often containing heteroatoms, that impart characteristic properties to the carbon compounds they are attached to. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 43

Question 43: The properties of a carbon compound are primarily determined by:

A. The length of the carbon chainB. The type of functional group presentC. The number of hydrogen atomsD. The presence of heteroatoms

Answer

B. The functional group attached to a carbon chain plays a crucial role in determining the compound’s chemical and physical properties. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 44

Question 44: What is a homologous series?

A. A series of compounds with the same functional group and varying carbon chain lengthsB. A series of compounds with different functional groups and the same carbon chain lengthC. A series of compounds with the same molecular formula but different structuresD. None of the above

Answer

A. A homologous series comprises a group of carbon compounds sharing the same functional group but differing in the number of carbon atoms in their chains. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 45

Question 45: As the molecular mass increases in a homologous series:

A. Melting and boiling points decreaseB. Melting and boiling points increaseC. Solubility decreasesD. Chemical properties change

Answer

B. An increase in molecular mass within a homologous series generally leads to a rise in melting and boiling points. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 46

Question 46: Which property remains similar in a homologous series?

A. Physical propertiesB. Chemical propertiesC. Both physical and chemical propertiesD. None of the above

Answer

B. While physical properties may vary, the chemical properties, determined by the functional group, remain largely consistent within a homologous series. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 47

Question 47: The naming of carbon compounds is based on:

A. The name of the basic carbon chainB. The nature of the functional groupC. Both A and BD. None of the above

Answer

C. The systematic nomenclature of carbon compounds involves modifying the basic carbon chain name with prefixes or suffixes to indicate the functional group present. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 48

Question 48: If the suffix of a functional group starts with a vowel, how is the carbon chain name modified?

A. The final ‘e’ is deleted, and the suffix is addedB. The final ‘e’ is retained, and the suffix is addedC. The suffix is added without any modificationD. None of the above

Answer

A. When adding a suffix that begins with a vowel, the final ‘e’ of the carbon chain name is removed before attaching the suffix. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 49

Question 49: In the naming of unsaturated carbon chains, the final ‘ane’ is replaced with:

A. ‘ene’ or ‘yne’B. ‘ol’ or ‘al’C. ‘one’ or ‘oic acid’D. None of the above

Answer

A. Unsaturated carbon chains with double bonds use the suffix ‘ene’, while those with triple bonds use ‘yne’. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 50

Question 50: Which of the following compounds would be named ‘propanone’?

A. A three-carbon chain with an alcohol groupB. A three-carbon chain with an aldehyde groupC. A three-carbon chain with a ketone groupD. A three-carbon chain with a carboxylic acid group

Answer

C. ‘Propanone’ indicates a three-carbon chain (propane) with a ketone functional group (one). (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 51

Question 51: What is the process of burning carbon and its compounds in oxygen called?

A. CombustionB. OxidationC. ReductionD. Hydrogenation

Answer

A. Combustion is the chemical reaction where substances burn in the presence of oxygen, releasing heat and light. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 52

Question 52: Complete combustion of carbon compounds results in the formation of:

A. Carbon dioxide and waterB. Carbon monoxide and waterC. Carbon dioxide onlyD. Water only

Answer

A. In complete combustion, carbon compounds react with sufficient oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 53

Question 53: Incomplete combustion of carbon compounds leads to the formation of:

A. Carbon dioxide and waterB. Carbon monoxide and waterC. Carbon dioxide onlyD. Water only

Answer

B. Incomplete combustion occurs when there is insufficient oxygen, resulting in the production of carbon monoxide (a pollutant) and water. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 54

Question 54: Which of the following is a major pollutant released during the combustion of fuels containing nitrogen and sulfur?

A. Carbon dioxideB. Carbon monoxideC. Oxides of sulfur and nitrogenD. Water vapor

Answer

C. The combustion of fuels with nitrogen and sulfur impurities generates oxides of sulfur and nitrogen, which are significant air pollutants. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 55

Question 55: The conversion of alcohols to carboxylic acids is an example of:

A. CombustionB. OxidationC. ReductionD. Hydrogenation

Answer

B. Oxidation involves the addition of oxygen or the removal of hydrogen from a molecule, as seen in the conversion of alcohols to carboxylic acids. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 56

Question 56: Substances that add oxygen to other compounds are known as:

A. Oxidizing agentsB. Reducing agentsC. CatalystsD. Dehydrating agents

Answer

A. Oxidizing agents facilitate oxidation reactions by providing oxygen to other substances. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 57

Question 57: Which of the following is an example of an oxidizing agent?

A. Alkaline potassium permanganateB. Acidified potassium dichromateC. Both A and BD. Neither A nor B

Answer

C. Both alkaline potassium permanganate and acidified potassium dichromate can act as oxidizing agents, converting alcohols to carboxylic acids. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 58

Question 58: The process of converting unsaturated hydrocarbons to saturated hydrocarbons by adding hydrogen is called:

A. CombustionB. OxidationC. ReductionD. Hydrogenation

Answer

D. Hydrogenation involves the addition of hydrogen to unsaturated compounds, typically in the presence of a catalyst like palladium or nickel. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 59

Question 59: Hydrogenation is commonly used in:

A. The production of margarineB. The hardening of vegetable oilsC. The creation of biodieselD. The synthesis of plastics

Answer

B. Hydrogenation is widely employed in the food industry to convert liquid vegetable oils into solid or semi-solid fats, like margarine, by adding hydrogen to unsaturated fatty acids. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 60

Question 60: In a substitution reaction:

A. One type of atom or group of atoms takes the place of anotherB. Atoms are added to a molecule without any replacementC. A molecule loses some of its atomsD. None of the above

Answer

A. Substitution reactions involve the replacement of one atom or group of atoms in a molecule with a different atom or group. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 61

Question 61: Saturated hydrocarbons are generally:

A. Very reactiveB. Inert in the presence of most reagentsC. Easily oxidizedD. None of the above

Answer

B. Saturated hydrocarbons, due to their single bonds, are relatively unreactive and do not readily react with most chemicals under normal conditions. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 62

Question 62: Which of the following reactions is an example of a substitution reaction?

A. Combustion of methaneB. Oxidation of ethanolC. Hydrogenation of etheneD. Reaction of methane with chlorine in sunlight

Answer

D. The reaction between methane and chlorine in the presence of sunlight results in the replacement of hydrogen atoms with chlorine atoms, exemplifying a substitution reaction. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 63

Question 63: The reaction of methane with chlorine in sunlight produces:

A. Chloromethane and hydrogen chlorideB. Chloromethane and waterC. Carbon dioxide and waterD. Ethane and hydrogen chloride

Answer

A. When methane reacts with chlorine under sunlight, it undergoes a substitution reaction, yielding chloromethane (CH₃Cl) and hydrogen chloride (HCl). (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Question 64

Question 64: Which of the following carbon compounds is a commercially important solvent used in medicines?

A. MethaneB. EthaneC. EthanolD. Ethanoic acid

Answer

C. Ethanol, also known as alcohol, is a widely used solvent in various pharmaceutical preparations like tinctures, cough syrups, and tonics. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Accepted Answer

B. Ethanoic acid is more commonly referred to as acetic acid. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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B. Carboxylic acids, including ethanoic acid, are classified as weak acids because they do not ionize completely in solution. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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A. Vinegar is a dilute solution of acetic acid (ethanoic acid) in water, commonly used as a preservative and flavoring agent. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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B. Pure ethanoic acid has a melting point of 290 K, which is relatively low and explains why it solidifies in cold climates. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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B. Esterification is the chemical process where an alcohol reacts with a carboxylic acid to produce an ester and water. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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A. Esters are often recognized for their pleasant, sweet fragrance, making them valuable in perfumes and flavorings. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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A. Saponification is the process of converting an ester back into its constituent alcohol and carboxylic acid salt by reacting it with an alkali, typically sodium hydroxide. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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A. Soaps are essentially sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids (long-chain carboxylic acids). (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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A. The reaction between ethanoic acid (a weak acid) and sodium hydroxide (a strong base) results in the formation of sodium ethanoate (a salt) and water. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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A. Ethanoic acid reacts with carbonates and hydrogencarbonates, producing a salt (sodium acetate), carbon dioxide gas, and water. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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B. The reaction of ethanol with sodium metal leads to the evolution of hydrogen gas and the formation of sodium ethoxide. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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C. Ethanol is a liquid at room temperature, soluble in water in all proportions, and acts as a good solvent for various substances. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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A. Ingesting small amounts of diluted ethanol can lead to intoxication or drunkenness. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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D. Consuming even a small amount of pure ethanol or methanol can be fatal. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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A. Prolonged alcohol abuse is associated with various health issues, including liver damage, heart disease, and neurological disorders. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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B. Heating ethanol with excess concentrated sulfuric acid results in the dehydration of ethanol, leading to the formation of ethene (an unsaturated hydrocarbon) and water. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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A. In the reaction with ethanol, concentrated sulfuric acid functions as a dehydrating agent, removing water from the alcohol molecule. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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A. Methanol is converted to methanal (formaldehyde) in the liver, which is highly toxic and can cause severe health complications, including blindness and death. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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C. To prevent the misuse of ethanol for industrial purposes, it is denatured by adding toxic substances like methanol and colorants, rendering it unsuitable for consumption. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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B. Saponification is the alkaline hydrolysis of an ester, resulting in the formation of alcohol and the sodium salt of the corresponding carboxylic acid. This reaction is fundamental in soap-making. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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B. Brazil is known for its extensive use of ethanol as a biofuel additive in petrol, aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote renewable energy sources. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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A. Soap molecules form micelles in water, which trap oily dirt particles and allow them to be washed away, a process known as emulsification. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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B. Hard water contains dissolved calcium and magnesium salts, which react with soap to form insoluble scum. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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B. Hard water diminishes soap’s cleaning ability by forming scum, which reduces its lathering and dirt-removing capacity. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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B. Detergents are typically sodium salts of sulfonic acids or ammonium salts with chloride or bromide ions, designed to overcome the limitations of soap in hard water. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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C. Detergents are formulated to avoid the formation of scum in hard water, maintaining their cleaning efficiency even in the presence of calcium and magnesium ions. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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D. Detergents find widespread use in various cleaning products, including shampoos, laundry detergents, and dishwashing liquids. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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A. The ionic or hydrophilic end of a soap molecule is attracted to water molecules. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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B. The carbon chain or hydrophobic end of a soap molecule has an affinity for oil and grease. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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A. Soap molecules arrange themselves around oil droplets, creating spherical structures called micelles, with the hydrophilic heads facing outward and the hydrophobic tails interacting with the oil. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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C. Micelles encapsulate oil droplets within their hydrophobic cores, effectively lifting the dirt and grease away from surfaces and suspending them in water, facilitating their removal during rinsing. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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C. Soap solutions appear cloudy because the micelles formed are sufficiently large to scatter light, creating a turbid appearance. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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D. Agitation is crucial in the cleaning process as it helps dislodge dirt and facilitates the interaction between soap/detergent molecules and the soiled fabric. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

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C. Agitation plays a vital role in enhancing the cleaning action by promoting the contact between soap or detergent molecules and the dirt particles, aiding in their removal from the fabric. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Accepted Answer

A. Scum is the insoluble precipitate formed when soap reacts with the calcium and magnesium ions present in hard water. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Accepted Answer

B. Detergents are specifically designed to work effectively in hard water, as they do not form scum like soap does. (Carbon and its Compounds MCQ by Top100MCQ.com)

Carbon and its Compounds MCQ

Introduction – Carbon and its Compounds MCQ

Bonding in Carbon – The Covalent Bond – Carbon and its Compounds MCQ

Versatile Nature of Carbon – Carbon and its Compounds MCQ

Chemical Properties of Carbon Compounds – Carbon and its Compounds MCQ

Some Important Carbon Compounds – Ethanol and Ethanoic Acid – Carbon and its Compounds MCQ

Soaps and detergents – Carbon and its Compounds MCQ

Most Important Questions of Carbon and its Compounds

What makes carbon so special in forming compounds?

What’s the difference between saturated and unsaturated carbon compounds?

Can carbon atoms arrange themselves in ways other than chains?

What are functional groups, and why are they important?

What’s a homologous series?

How are carbon compounds named systematically?

What happens when carbon compounds burn?

Can unsaturated hydrocarbons be converted to saturated ones?

What’s the difference between soap and detergent?

How does soap work to clean oily dirt?

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