Fundamentals of Computer MCQs

Correct Answer: B. To process information. A computer’s core function is to process information, transforming raw data into meaningful results.

Correct Answer: C. Intelligence. While computers can perform complex tasks, they lack true intelligence and rely on programmed instructions.

Correct Answer: A. Alan Turing. Alan Turing’s theoretical work and code-breaking efforts during World War II laid the foundation for modern computing.

Correct Answer: D. Supercomputer. Supercomputers are designed for high-performance computing, capable of handling massive datasets and complex calculations.

Correct Answer: D. None of the above. Computers are utilized in virtually every field, from healthcare and education to agriculture and manufacturing.

Correct Answer: B. Operating system. An operating system is software that manages hardware and software resources, enabling the computer to function.

Correct Answer: B. Mouse. A mouse allows users to point, click, and drag elements on the screen, making it essential for interacting with GUIs.

Correct Answer: B. Printer. A printer creates physical representations of digital content, allowing users to have tangible copies of their work.

Correct Answer: B. To execute instructions. The CPU is the “brain” of the computer, responsible for carrying out the instructions of a program.

Correct Answer: A. RAM. RAM (Random Access Memory) provides fast access to data for the CPU but is temporary storage.

Correct Answer: A. Hardware is physical, software is intangible. Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer, while software encompasses the programs and data that run on it.

Correct Answer: C. Touchscreen. Touchscreens allow users to interact with the device by touching the display, eliminating the need for a separate input device.

Correct Answer: C. Speakers. Speakers convert electrical signals into sound waves, allowing users to hear music, videos, and other audio content.

Correct Answer: C. Storage devices (e.g., hard disk drive, solid-state drive). Storage devices retain data even when the computer is powered off, providing a permanent repository for information.

Correct Answer: D. Microsoft Word. Microsoft Word is a word processing program used to create and edit documents, falling under the category of application software.

Correct Answer: B. Binary. Computers use the binary system, consisting of only 0s and 1s, to represent all data and instructions.

Correct Answer: C. 10. Converting 1010 from binary to decimal yields 10.

Correct Answer: C. Hexadecimal. Hexadecimal is a compact way to represent binary data, often used in programming and memory addresses.

Correct Answer: B. Unicode. Unicode is a universal character encoding standard that can represent characters from various languages and scripts.

Correct Answer: A. Integer. Integers are used to store whole numbers, both positive and negative.

Correct Answer: D. String. Strings are sequences of characters, used to represent text and other textual data.

Correct Answer: D. Representing true/false values. Boolean variables can only have two possible values: true or false, making them useful for logical operations.

Correct Answer: C. Complex number. While some specialized languages support complex numbers, they are not a standard data type in most programming languages.

Correct Answer: D. All of the above. Converting between number systems serves various purposes, including simplifying calculations, optimizing storage, and ensuring compatibility.

Correct Answer: B. Unicode. Unicode encompasses a vast number of characters, making it suitable for representing text in diverse languages and symbols.

Correct Answer: C. 26. Converting 1A from hexadecimal to decimal results in 26.

Correct Answer: B. Floating-point number. Floating-point numbers are used to store real numbers with fractional parts.

Correct Answer: B. 101. Converting 5 from decimal to binary yields 101.

Correct Answer: D. UTF-8. UTF-8 is a variable-width encoding that can represent all Unicode characters while efficiently handling ASCII characters.

Correct Answer: C. C. Converting 1100 from binary to hexadecimal results in C.

Correct Answer: A. To manage hardware and software resources. An operating system acts as an intermediary between the user and the computer hardware, managing various resources and providing essential services.

Correct Answer: D. Python. Python is a programming language, not an operating system.

Correct Answer: C. Linux. Linux is known for its flexibility, customization options, and strong community support.

Correct Answer: B. Software that performs specific tasks for the user. Application software is designed to help users accomplish specific tasks, such as word processing, image editing, or web Browse.

Correct Answer: A. Microsoft Word. Microsoft Word is a word processing program used for creating and editing documents, enhancing productivity.

Correct Answer: B. To write instructions for the computer to execute. Programming languages provide a structured way to express algorithms and instructions that the computer can understand and execute.

Correct Answer: A. High-level language. High-level languages use English-like syntax and abstractions, making them more accessible to programmers.

Correct Answer: A. Python. Python’s clear syntax and extensive libraries make it a popular choice for introductory programming courses and various applications.

Correct Answer: B. Java. Java is the primary language for Android app development, offering platform independence and a rich ecosystem of tools.

Correct Answer: A. To translate high-level code into machine code. A compiler transforms human-readable code into machine code that the computer’s processor can understand and execute.

Correct Answer: A. Operating system. The operating system provides the foundation for all other software to run, handling tasks like memory management, file operations, and device communication.

Correct Answer: D. Creating spreadsheets. Creating spreadsheets is a task performed by application software, not the operating system itself.

Correct Answer: B. macOS. macOS is the operating system designed specifically for Apple’s Macintosh computers.

Correct Answer: A. System software manages hardware, application software performs specific tasks. System software focuses on managing the computer’s internal workings, while application software provides tools for user-specific tasks.

Correct Answer: B. Adobe Premiere Pro. Adobe Premiere Pro is a video editing software used to create and manipulate multimedia content.

Correct Answer: A. To perform system maintenance and optimization. Utility software helps manage and improve the performance of a computer system, including tasks like disk cleanup, antivirus scans, and file compression.

Correct Answer: C. C++. C++ offers fine-grained control over hardware and memory, making it suitable for demanding applications.

Correct Answer: B. To execute code directly, line by line. An interpreter reads and executes code on the fly, without the need for a separate compilation step.

Correct Answer: C. Faster execution speed compared to low-level languages. High-level languages generally sacrifice some execution speed for improved readability and portability.

Correct Answer: D. Declarative programming. Declarative programming emphasizes expressing the desired outcome, leaving the implementation details to the underlying system.

Correct Answer: A. A collection of interconnected computing devices. A computer network enables communication and resource sharing between various devices.

Correct Answer: A. LAN (Local Area Network). LANs are designed for localized connectivity within a limited space.

Correct Answer: A. Star topology. In a star topology, each device has a dedicated connection to the central node.

Correct Answer: A. To define the rules and formats for communication between devices. Network protocols ensure that devices can understand and exchange information effectively.

Correct Answer: A. A global network of interconnected networks. The Internet is a vast network that connects billions of devices worldwide.

Correct Answer: A. A collection of interconnected documents and resources accessed through the Internet. The WWW is a system of hyperlinked documents and resources that utilize the Internet for access.

Correct Answer: A. To access and view websites on the WWW. Web browsers like Chrome, Firefox, and Safari allow users to navigate and interact with web content.

Correct Answer: D. Tree topology. While tree topologies exist, they are less common than star, bus, and ring topologies.

Correct Answer: A. To connect multiple devices in a network and forward data between them. A network switch acts as a central connection point, enabling efficient communication between devices.

Correct Answer: B. IP (Internet Protocol). IP provides a unique address for each device on the Internet and determines the path for data packets to travel.

Correct Answer: A. To index and search the WWW for information. Search engines like Google and Bing allow users to find relevant websites and information based on keywords or queries.

Correct Answer: D. VPN. A VPN (Virtual Private Network) is a secure connection over a public network, not a distinct network type itself.

Correct Answer: B. To connect a local network to the Internet. A router acts as a gateway between a local network and the wider Internet, enabling communication with external devices.

Correct Answer: A. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol). TCP establishes a connection between devices and manages the flow of data, guaranteeing its integrity.

Correct Answer: A. The Internet is a physical infrastructure, the WWW is a system of interconnected documents. The Internet is the underlying network, while the WWW is a service built on top of it, providing access to web content.

Correct Answer: A. A self-replicating program that can damage or disrupt a computer system. Computer viruses are malicious software that can spread and cause harm to files and data.

Correct Answer: D. Encryption. Encryption is a technique used to protect data by scrambling it, making it unreadable without the proper decryption key.

Correct Answer: A. A fraudulent attempt to obtain sensitive information, such as passwords or credit card details, by disguising oneself as a trustworthy entity. Phishing attacks often involve deceptive emails or websites that trick users into revealing their personal information.

Correct Answer: D. All of the above. These practices help mitigate the risk of security breaches and protect sensitive data.

Correct Answer: A. Moral principles and guidelines that govern the use of computers and technology. Computer ethics address issues like privacy, intellectual property, and responsible use of technology.

Correct Answer: C. Creating a website to share personal photos. Creating a website to share personal photos is not inherently a cybercrime, although privacy concerns and potential misuse should be considered.

Correct Answer: B. Intangible creations of the mind, such as inventions, literary works, and software. Intellectual property rights protect the creators of original works and inventions.

Correct Answer: D. All of the above. These actions violate ethical principles and can have serious consequences.

Correct Answer: A. To detect, prevent, and remove malicious software from a computer. Antivirus software plays a crucial role in safeguarding computer systems against various threats.

Correct Answer: D. Encrypting sensitive data. Encrypting sensitive data is a protective measure, not a method used by hackers.

Correct Answer: D. All of the above. Privacy encompasses various aspects, including personal data protection, online safety, and the right to control one’s information.

Correct Answer: D. All of the above. These are examples of ethical challenges that arise in the development and use of technology.

Correct Answer: C. To control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on security rules. A firewall acts as a barrier between a trusted network and potentially untrusted networks, filtering traffic to enhance security.

Correct Answer: D. Open-source licensing. Open-source licensing allows free distribution and modification of software, promoting collaboration rather than restricting access.

Correct Answer: A. To ensure that AI systems are designed and used responsibly and ethically. Ethical considerations are crucial in AI development to address potential biases, ensure transparency, and prevent harm.

Correct Answer: A. The ability of machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. AI involves developing algorithms and systems that can learn, reason, and solve problems, mimicking human cognitive abilities.

Correct Answer: D. All of the above. AI is used in various domains, from autonomous vehicles and medical diagnosis to language translation and recommendation systems.

Correct Answer: A. The practice of storing and accessing data and applications over the internet. Cloud computing provides on-demand access to computing resources, eliminating the need for local infrastructure.

Correct Answer: D. All of the above. Cloud computing offers flexibility, reduced costs, and easy access to resources from anywhere with an internet connection.

Correct Answer: C. The interconnection of everyday objects through the internet. IoT involves embedding sensors and connectivity into physical objects, enabling them to collect and exchange data.

Correct Answer: D. All of the above. These devices utilize internet connectivity to gather data, automate tasks, and enhance user experiences.

Correct Answer: A. Extremely large and complex datasets that require specialized tools and techniques for analysis. Big data refers to massive volumes of data that traditional processing methods cannot handle effectively.

Correct Answer: D. All of the above. Big data presents challenges in terms of storing, processing, and extracting meaningful insights from vast amounts of information.

Correct Answer: D. Guaranteed job security for all workers. While AI can create new job opportunities, it may also lead to job displacement in certain sectors.

Correct Answer: D. All of the above. Cloud computing raises concerns about data protection, reliance on internet access, and the difficulty of switching providers.

Correct Answer: A. A subset of AI that focuses on algorithms that can learn from data and improve their performance over time. Machine learning enables systems to recognize patterns, make predictions, and adapt without being explicitly programmed.

Correct Answer: D. All of the above. IoT devices can revolutionize healthcare by enabling continuous monitoring, improving medication adherence, and facilitating data-driven insights.

Correct Answer: A. To extract valuable insights and knowledge from large datasets. Data analytics techniques help uncover patterns, trends, and correlations within big data, leading to informed decision-making.

Correct Answer: D. Hardware as a Service (HaaS). HaaS is not a recognized cloud computing service model.

Correct Answer: D. All of the above. IoT can contribute to creating more sustainable, efficient, and livable urban environments.

Correct Answer: D. All of the above. AI development poses various challenges, including ethical considerations, societal implications, and workforce adjustments.

Correct Answer: A. Processing data closer to its source, reducing latency and bandwidth requirements. Edge computing brings computation closer to the data generation point, enabling faster response times and real-time processing.

Correct Answer: D. All of the above. Big data analytics can empower businesses to gain valuable insights into customer behavior, streamline operations, and identify potential risks.

Correct Answer: A. Providing faster and more reliable wireless connectivity. 5G’s high-speed, low-latency network capabilities will support the growth of technologies like AI, IoT, and virtual reality.

Correct Answer: C. Stagnation and lack of innovation. Emerging trends in computing are characterized by continuous innovation, pushing the boundaries of what is possible.