Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs. These 100 Multiple Choice Questions with Answer and Explanation will help you score full marks in your class 10 Geography (Social Science) exam.
Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs – Best 100 MCQs
Understanding Resources (MCQs 1 to 25) – Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs
Q1. Which of the following best defines a resource?
(a) A naturally occurring substance
(b) Anything that humans find valuable
(c) A material that can be extracted for profit
(d) Anything that can be used to satisfy human needs and wants
Q2. Which of these is an example of a natural resource?
(a) Coal
(b) Factories
(c) Roads
(d) Computers
Q3. Renewable resources are those that:
(a) Are found in abundance
(b) Cannot be exhausted
(c) Can be replenished over time
(d) Are only used for energy production
Q4. Which of the following is a non-renewable resource?
(a) Solar energy
(b) Wind energy
(c) Petroleum
(d) Forests
Q5. The uneven distribution of resources across the globe can lead to:
(a) Increased international cooperation
(b) Economic disparities between countries
(c) Reduced environmental impact
(d) Greater self-sufficiency in all nations
Q6. Sustainable development aims to:
(a) Maximize resource use for current generations
(b) Exploit all available resources quickly
(c) Meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of the future
(d) Focus only on environmental conservation
Q7. Human-made resources are also known as:
(a) Natural resources
(b) Capital resources
(c) Renewable resources
(d) Non-renewable resources
Q8. Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting the distribution of natural resources?
(a) Climate
(b) Technology
(c) Political boundaries
(d) Human population density
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Q9. Which of the following is an example of a human resource?
(a) Iron ore
(b) Wind energy
(c) A skilled engineer
(d) A fertile land
Q10. The concept of resource conservation emphasizes:
(a) Using resources as quickly as possible
(b) Protecting resources from human use
(c) Using resources efficiently and avoiding wastage
(d) Focusing only on renewable resources
Q11. Technology plays a crucial role in resource development by:
(a) Making extraction and utilization of resources more efficient
(b) Reducing the availability of resources
(c) Increasing the environmental impact of resource use
(d) Limiting the types of resources that can be used
Q12. Which of the following is a potential consequence of overusing non-renewable resources?
(a) Increased biodiversity
(b) Resource depletion and scarcity
(c) Improved air quality
(d) Lower energy costs
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Q13. The term “stock” of a resource refers to:
(a) The amount of the resource that is currently being used
(b) The total amount of the resource that exists
(c) The amount of the resource that can be replenished
(d) The value of the resource in the market
Q14. Which of the following is NOT a method of resource conservation?
(a) Recycling
(b) Reuse
(c) Reducing consumption
(d) Increased extraction
Q15. The value of a resource can be determined by its:
(a) Utility
(b) Scarcity
(c) Both utility and scarcity
(d) Neither utility nor scarcity
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Q16. What is the difference between potential and actual resources?
(a) Potential resources are those that have been fully surveyed and quantified, while actual resources are those that are yet to be discovered.
(b) Potential resources are those that exist in a region but have not been utilized, while actual resources are those that are being used.
(c) Potential resources are renewable, while actual resources are non-renewable.
(d) There is no difference between potential and actual resources.
Q17. Which of the following is an example of an abiotic resource?
(a) Fish
(b) Forests
(c) Minerals
(d) Livestock
Q18. Biotic resources are derived from:
(a) The Earth’s crust
(b) The atmosphere
(c) Living organisms
(d) The hydrosphere
Q19. Resources owned by an individual or a company are called:
(a) Community-owned resources
(b) National resources
(c) International resources
(d) Private resources
Q20. National resources are:
(a) Owned by individuals
(b) Owned by communities
(c) Owned by the government
(d) Owned by international organizations
Q21. The process of resource planning involves:
(a) Identifying and quantifying resources
(b) Determining the most efficient way to use resources
(c) Implementing strategies for sustainable resource use
(d) All of the above
Q22. Which of the following is a major challenge in resource development?
(a) Balancing economic growth with environmental protection
(b) Lack of available resources
(c) Lack of technology
(d) Lack of international cooperation
Q23. The concept of “resource scarcity” means:
(a) Resources are unlimited
(b) Resources are available in abundance
(c) Resources are limited and may not be enough to meet all demands
(d) Resources are evenly distributed across the globe
Q24. Which of the following is NOT a principle of sustainable development?
(a) Conservation of resources
(b) Intergenerational equity
(c) Maximizing resource extraction for profit
(d) Participation and involvement of local communities
Q25. The study of how resources are distributed and used is called:
(a) Resource geography
(b) Resource economics
(c) Resource sociology
(d) Resource anthropology
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Land Resources (MCQs 26 to 50) – Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs
Q26. Which of the following is the most significant factor affecting land use patterns?
(a) Topography
(b) Climate
(c) Population density
(d) All of the above
Q27. The largest portion of land in India is used for:
(a) Forests
(b) Agriculture
(c) Pastures
(d) Settlements
Q28. Which of the following is NOT a cause of land degradation?
(a) Deforestation
(b) Overgrazing
(c) Industrial pollution
(d) Afforestation
Q29. Soil erosion refers to:
(a) The formation of soil
(b) The enrichment of soil with nutrients
(c) The removal of topsoil by natural or human-induced factors
(d) The accumulation of water in the soil
Q30. Which of the following soil conservation methods involves planting trees on barren lands?
(a) Terrace farming
(b) Contour ploughing
(c) Shelterbelts
(d) Afforestation
Q31. Black soil is also known as:
(a) Regur soil
(b) Alluvial soil
(c) Laterite soil
(d) Arid soil
Q32. Which type of soil is most suitable for growing cotton?
(a) Alluvial soil
(b) Black soil
(c) Red soil
(d) Laterite soil
Q33. The process of breaking down rocks into smaller particles is called:
(a) Soil erosion
(b) Weathering
(c) Leaching
(d) Humification
Q34. Which soil type is rich in iron oxide and is found in regions with high rainfall?
(a) Alluvial soil
(b) Black soil
(c) Laterite soil
(d) Arid soil
Q35. Which of the following is NOT a type of soil conservation method?
(a) Crop rotation
(b) Mulching
(c) Overgrazing
(d) Terrace farming
Absolutely! Let’s continue with the MCQs on Land Resources:
Q36. Which type of soil is formed by the deposition of rivers?
(a) Black soil
(b) Red soil
(c) Alluvial soil
(d) Laterite soil
Q37. Which soil type is known for its high water retention capacity?
(a) Arid soil
(b) Black soil
(c) Laterite soil
(d) Red soil
Q38. The process of rainwater carrying away nutrients from the topsoil is called:
(a) Soil erosion
(b) Weathering
(c) Leaching
(d) Calcification
Q39. Which of the following soil types is most commonly found in the Thar Desert?
(a) Arid soil
(b) Alluvial soil
(c) Laterite soil
(d) Forest soil
Q40. Which state in India has the largest area under black soil?
(a) Maharashtra
(b) Gujarat
(c) Madhya Pradesh
(d) Rajasthan
Q41. Contour bunding is a soil conservation method that involves:
(a) Building small dams across slopes
(b) Planting trees along the contours of a slope
(c) Constructing small embankments along the contours of a slope
(d) Creating terraces on steep slopes
Q42. Gully control is a soil conservation technique used to:
(a) Prevent the formation of gullies
(b) Stabilize and reclaim existing gullies
(c) Divert water away from gullies
(d) All of the above
Q43. Soil fertility refers to:
(a) The ability of soil to support plant growth
(b) The color of the soil
(c) The texture of the soil
(d) The amount of water in the soil
Q44. Which of the following human activities has the most significant negative impact on soil fertility?
(a) Afforestation
(b) Crop rotation
(c) Deforestation
(d) Mulching
Q45. Which of the following is an indicator of good soil health?
(a) Presence of earthworms
(b) High organic matter content
(c) Good water holding capacity
(d) All of the above
Q46. Which soil type is rich in humus and found in hilly areas?
(a) Forest soil
(b) Alluvial soil
(c) Laterite soil
(d) Arid soil
Q47. Which of the following states is NOT a major producer of jute in India?
(a) West Bengal
(b) Assam
(c) Bihar
(d) Punjab
Q48. What is the ideal pH range for most crops to thrive?
(a) 4-5
(b) 6-7
(c) 8-9
(d) 10-11
Q49. Which soil type is rich in potash but poor in phosphorus?
(a) Alluvial soil
(b) Black soil
(c) Laterite soil
(d) Red soil
Q50. Which of the following is a traditional method of soil conservation practiced in hilly regions?
(a) Strip cropping
(b) Terrace farming
(c) Shelterbelts
(d) Contour ploughing
Water Resources (MCQs 51 to 75) – Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs
Q51. Which of the following is NOT a primary source of freshwater?
(a) Rivers
(b) Lakes
(c) Groundwater
(d) Oceans
Q52. The largest proportion of freshwater on Earth is found in:
(a) Rivers and lakes
(b) Glaciers and ice caps
(c) Groundwater aquifers
(d) The atmosphere
Q53. Which of the following sectors is the largest consumer of water in India?
(a) Domestic
(b) Industrial
(c) Agricultural
(d) Recreational
Q54. What is the primary cause of water scarcity in many regions?
(a) Lack of rainfall
(b) Overexploitation of water resources
(c) Pollution of water bodies
(d) All of the above
Q55. Which of the following is NOT a water conservation method?
(a) Rainwater harvesting
(b) Drip irrigation
(c) Building large dams
(d) Water recycling
Q56. Multi-purpose river valley projects are primarily designed to:
(a) Generate hydroelectricity
(b) Control floods
(c) Provide irrigation
(d) All of the above
Q57. Which of the following is a major environmental consequence of building large dams?
(a) Increased biodiversity
(b) Displacement of local populations
(c) Improved water quality
(d) Reduced risk of floods
Q58. Rainwater harvesting is the process of:
(a) Collecting and storing rainwater for future use
(b) Diverting rainwater to rivers and lakes
(c) Increasing rainfall through cloud seeding
(d) Purifying contaminated water
Q59. Which of the following is NOT a method of rainwater harvesting?
(a) Rooftop rainwater harvesting
(b) Surface runoff harvesting
(c) Groundwater recharge
(d) Desalination
Q60. Which of the following is a traditional method of water conservation in India?
(a) Bamboo drip irrigation
(b) Contour bunding
(c) Johads
(d) Drip irrigation
Q61. Watershed management primarily focuses on:
(a) Building large dams
(b) Conserving and managing water resources within a specific drainage basin
(c) Increasing agricultural productivity
(d) Generating hydroelectric power
Q62. Which of the following is NOT a water-efficient irrigation technique?
(a) Drip irrigation
(b) Sprinkler irrigation
(c) Flood irrigation
(d) Furrow irrigation
Q63. The Sardar Sarovar Dam is built on which river?
(a) Ganga
(b) Yamuna
(c) Narmada
(d) Godavari
Q64. The Bhakra Nangal Dam is a multipurpose river valley project located in:
(a) Himachal Pradesh
(b) Punjab
(c) Haryana
(d) All of the above
Q65. Climate change is likely to affect water resources by:
(a) Increasing the frequency and intensity of droughts
(b) Causing more frequent and severe floods
(c) Accelerating the melting of glaciers
(d) All of the above
Q66. Which of the following is a major source of water pollution in India?
(a) Industrial effluents
(b) Agricultural runoff
(c) Untreated sewage
(d) All of the above
Q67. Eutrophication refers to:
(a) The excessive growth of algae in water bodies due to nutrient overload
(b) The depletion of oxygen in water bodies
(c) The contamination of water with heavy metals
(d) The acidification of water bodies
Q68. The Indus Water Treaty is a water-sharing agreement between:
(a) India and Pakistan
(b) India and Bangladesh
(c) India and China
(d) India and Nepal
Q69. Which of the following is a water-borne disease?
(a) Malaria
(b) Dengue
(c) Cholera
(d) Tuberculosis
Q70. Greywater refers to:
(a) Water from toilets
(b) Wastewater from kitchens and bathrooms
(c) Rainwater collected from rooftops
(d) Water used for industrial purposes
Q71. Which of the following is a traditional water harvesting structure found in Rajasthan?
(a) Johads
(b) Kunds
(c) Baolis
(d) All of the above
Q72. The process of planting different crops in alternate rows to reduce soil erosion and conserve water is called:
(a) Crop rotation
(b) Intercropping
(c) Strip cropping
(d) Contour ploughing
Q73. The ‘Jal Jeevan Mission’ launched by the Indian government aims to:
(a) Clean up polluted rivers
(b) Provide piped drinking water to all rural households
(c) Promote rainwater harvesting
(d) Construct large dams
Q74. What percentage of the Earth’s total water is readily available for human use?
(a) About 71%
(b) About 2.5%
(c) About 0.006%
(d) About 96.5%
Q75. Which of the following is NOT a consequence of excessive groundwater withdrawal?
(a) Lowering of the water table
(b) Ground subsidence
(c) Increased salinity of groundwater
(d) Recharging of aquifers
Mineral Resources (MCQs 76 to 100)
Mineral Resources (MCQs 76 to 100) – Resources and Development Class 10 MCQs
Q76. Which of the following is NOT a type of mineral?
(a) Metallic
(b) Non-metallic
(c) Energy
(d) Biotic
Q77. Minerals are classified based on:
(a) Their chemical composition
(b) Their physical properties
(c) Their origin
(d) All of the above
Q78. Iron ore, bauxite, and copper are examples of:
(a) Metallic minerals
(b) Non-metallic minerals
(c) Energy minerals
(d) Fossil fuels
Q79. Limestone, gypsum, and mica are examples of:
(a) Metallic minerals
(b) Non-metallic minerals
(c) Energy minerals
(d) Fossil fuels
Q80. Coal and petroleum are examples of:
(a) Metallic minerals
(b) Non-metallic minerals
(c) Energy minerals
(d) Ferrous minerals
Q81. Which state in India is the leading producer of iron ore?
(a) Jharkhand
(b) Odisha
(c) Karnataka
(d) Chhattisgarh
Q82. Bauxite is the ore of which metal?
(a) Aluminium
(b) Copper
(c) Iron
(d) Zinc
Q83. Mica is primarily used in which industry?
(a) Construction
(b) Electrical
(c) Automobile
(d) Pharmaceutical
Q84. Which of the following is NOT a reason for conserving minerals?
(a) They are non-renewable resources
(b) Their extraction causes environmental damage
(c) They are essential for industrial development
(d) They are evenly distributed across the globe
Q85. Which of the following is a method of mineral conservation?
(a) Recycling
(b) Using substitutes
(c) Improving mining technology
(d) All of the above
Q86. Which of the following is a ferrous mineral?
(a) Manganese
(b) Bauxite
(c) Copper
(d) Limestone
Q87. Which mineral is used in the manufacturing of cement?
(a) Limestone
(b) Bauxite
(c) Gypsum
(d) Mica
Q88. India is a leading producer of which of the following minerals?
(a) Gold
(b) Silver
(c) Mica
(d) Tin
Q89. Which mineral is known as ‘buried sunshine’?
(a) Coal
(b) Petroleum
(c) Natural gas
(d) Uranium
Q90. The Kudremukh mines in Karnataka are famous for the extraction of:
(a) Iron ore
(b) Bauxite
(c) Copper
(d) Gold
Q91. Which of the following is an environmental impact of mining?
(a) Deforestation
(b) Air pollution
(c) Water pollution
(d) All of the above
Q92. Open-cast mining is suitable for minerals that are:
(a) Found deep below the Earth’s surface
(b) Found close to the Earth’s surface
(c) Rare and valuable
(d) Found in mountainous regions
Q93. Which of the following is a method of sustainable mining?
(a) Minimizing waste generation
(b) Land reclamation and rehabilitation
(c) Using eco-friendly technologies
(d) All of the above
Q94. The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act was enacted in:
(a) 1948
(b) 1957
(c) 1986
(d) 2015
Q95. The term ‘ore’ refers to:
(a) A rock containing a metal or mineral
(b) A mineral in its pure form
(c) A rock formed by volcanic activity
(d) A sedimentary rock
Q96. Which mineral is essential for the production of fertilizers?
(a) Limestone
(b) Gypsum
(c) Rock phosphate
(d) Bauxite
Q97. Which of the following minerals is used in the manufacturing of glass?
(a) Quartz
(b) Feldspar
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) Neither (a) nor (b)
Q98. What is the ‘Grade’ of an ore?
(a) The proportion of desired mineral in the ore
(b) The color of the ore
(c) The depth at which the ore is found
(d) The hardness of the ore
Q99. Which of the following is a non-ferrous mineral?
(a) Iron
(b) Manganese
(c) Chromium
(d) Lead
Q100. The process of separating minerals from other impurities in the ore is called:
(a) Smelting
(b) Concentration
(c) Roasting
(d) Calcination
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